<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2019-97-9-11-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1330</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спектр и лекарственная чувствительность неспецифической флоры у больных туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pattern and drug sensitivity of non-specific bacterial population in tuberculosis patients with multiple drug resistance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавриненко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrinenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории коллективного пользования научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of Shared Laboratory within Research Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lavrinenko.alena@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азизов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аzizov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, руководитель лабораторного комплекса</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Laboratory Unit</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ilya.Azizov@antibiotic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесниченко</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnichenko</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>стажер-исследователь лаборатории коллективного пользования научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Intern Researcher of Shared Laboratory within Research Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolesnichenko@kgmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожамуратов</surname><given-names>М. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhamuratov</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры фтизиатрии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of Phthisiology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">margulan1973@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Табриз</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tabriz</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой фтизиатрии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Phthisiology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nurlantabriz2017@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мутайхан</surname><given-names>Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mutaykhan</surname><given-names>Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры фтизиатрии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of Phthisiology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mutaixan2017@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Карагандинский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Karaganda State Medical University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ антимикробной химиотерапии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лавриненко А.В., Азизов И.С., Колесниченко С.И., Кожамуратов М.Т., Табриз Н.С., Мутайхан Ж., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лавриненко А.В., Азизов И.С., Колесниченко С.И., Кожамуратов М.Т., Табриз Н.С., Мутайхан Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lavrinenko A.V., Аzizov I.S., Kolesnichenko S.I., Kozhamuratov M.T., Tabriz N.S., Mutaykhan Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1330">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1330</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучение спектра неспецифической микрофлоры, высеваемой у больных туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью в г. Караганде, и оценка ее чувствительности к антимикробным препаратам.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовано 343 образца мокроты. Идентификацию микроорганизмов проводили с помощью метода MALDI-TOF (Microﬂex, BD, Германия). Чувствительность к антибиотикам определяли дискодиффузионным методом в соответствии с рекомендациями CLSI (2012).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Рост микроорганизмов получен в 20,99% случаях. Более ⅔ выделенных микроорганизмов характеризовалось наличием устойчивости к трем группам препаратов и более, что позволяет отнести их к категории MDR. Чаще всего в структуре вторичной микрофлоры выделялись S. aureus, которые составили 22,22%, из них 12,5% являлись MRSA. Среди грамотрицательных микроорганизмов доминировали K. pneumoniae ‒ 12,5% и A. baumannii ‒ 11,11% от выделенных штаммов. К карбапенемам были устойчивы 10% штаммов K. pneumonia и от 40 до 70% A. baumannii. Вторичная микрофлора, выделяемая при туберкулезе легких, представлена нозокомиальными штаммами группы ESKAPE, которые отличаются антибиотикорезистентностью к современным препаратам.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to study the patterns of nonspeciﬁc bacterial population isolated in patients with multiple drug resistant tuberculosis in the city of Karaganda and assess its sensitivity to antimicrobial agents.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. 343 sputum specimens were tested. Microorganisms were identiﬁed using mass spectrometry using the MALDI-TOF method (Microﬂex, BD, Germany). Drug susceptibility was determined by the diﬀusion method in accordance with CLSI recommendations (2012).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Bacterial growth was observed in 20.99%. More than ⅔ of isolated microorganisms were resistant to three groups of drugs and more, thus it could be classiﬁed as MDR. S. aureus prevailed in the structure of secondary bacterial population and made 22.22%, of which 12.5% were MRSA. Among gram-negative bacteria, K. pneumoniae – 12.5% and A. baumannii – 11.11% dominated among isolated species. 10% of K. pneumonia strains and from 40 to 70% of A. baumannii were resistant to carbapenems. The secondary bacterial population isolated in pulmonary tuberculosis is represented by nosocomial strains of ESKAPE group, which are typically resistant to modern drugs.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>вторичная микрофлора</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>MRSA</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>secondary bacterial population</kwd><kwd>resistance to antibiotics</kwd><kwd>MRSA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Голохвастова Е., Царенко С., Литвинова Н., Перегудова А., Леонова Т., Шахгильдян В., Ольшанский А., Мазус А. Спектр оппортунистических заболеваний у больных ВИЧ-инфекций // Врач. ‒ 2012. ‒ № 6. ‒ С. 26 30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golokhvastova E., Tsarenko S., Litvinova N., Peregudova А., Leonova T., Shakhgildyan V., Olshanskiy А., Mazus А. Variety of opportunistic diseases in HIV infected patients. Vrach, 2012, no. 6, pp. 26-30. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивушкина Л. В., Митрохин С. Д., Миронов А. Ю. Грамотрицательная условно-патогенная микрофлора ‒ этиологический агент вторичной инфекции у больных туберкулезом легких // Антибиотики и химиотерапия. ‒ 2006. ‒ Т. 51, № 1. ‒ С. 11-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivushkina L.V., Mitrokhin S.D., Mironov А.Yu. Gram-negative opportunistic pathogenic bacterial population – etiologic agents of secondary infection in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Antibiotiki i Khimioterapiya, 2006, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 11-13. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кобелева Г. В., Григорьева Е. А. Соматические заболевания как причина смерти больных активным туберкулезом // Пробл. туб. – 2001. – № 2. ‒ С. 47-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobeleva G.V., Grigorieva E.А. Somatic diseases as a cause of death in those suffering from the active form of tuberculosis. Probl. Tub., 2001, no. 2, pp. 47-49. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Определение чувствительности микроорганизмов к антибактериальным препаратам: Методические указания Минздрава России: МУК 4.2.1890-04 от 04.03.2004. ‒ 53 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drug susceptibility tests. Guidelines of the Russian Ministry of Health: MUK 4.2.1890-04 от 04.03.2004. 53 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плетнев Г. В., Краснов В. А., Поташова В. А. Лечение больных деструктивным туберкулезом легких и неспецифическим гнойным эндобронхитом // Пробл. туб. ‒ 2003. ‒ № 2. ‒ С. 33-35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pletnev G.V., Krasnov V.А., Potashova V.А. Treatment of those suffering from destructive pulmonary tuberculosis and non-specific purulent endobronchitis. Probl. Tub., 2003, no. 2, pp. 33-35. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приймак А. А., Шестерина М. В., Свистунова А. С. Ранняя диагностика сопутствующих неспецифических заболеваний легких у больных туберкулезом // Пробл. туб. ‒ 1987. ‒ № 3. ‒ С. 16-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Priymak А.А., Shesterina M.V., Svistunova А.S. Early diagnostics of concurrent non-specific pulmonary diseases in tuberculosis patients. Probl. Tub., 1987, no. 3, pp. 16-18. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bizzini A., Durussel C., Bille J., Greub G., Prod'hom G. Performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry for identification of bacterial strains routinely isolated in a clinical microbiology laboratory // J. Clin. Microbiol. ‒ 2010. ‒ № 48. ‒ Р. 1549-1554.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bizzini A., Durussel C., Bille J., Greub G., Prod'hom G. Performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry for identification of bacterial strains routinely isolated in a clinical microbiology laboratory. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2010, no. 48, pp. 1549-1554.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">CLSI Publishes New Guideline: Laboratory Quality Control Based on Risk Management (EP23-A).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CLSI Publishes New Guideline: Laboratory Quality Control Based on Risk Management (EP23-A).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Falzon D., Jaramillo E., Wares F., Zignol M., Floyd K., Raviglione M. C. Universal access to care for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an analysis of surveillance data // Lancet Infect. Dis. ‒ 2013. ‒ № 13. ‒ Р. 690-697.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Falzon D., Jaramillo E., Wares F., Zignol M., Floyd K., Raviglione M.C. Universal access to care for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an analysis of surveillance data. Lancet Infect. Dis., 2013, no. 13, pp. 690-697.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gröschel M. I., Omansen T. F., de Lange W. et al. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis complicated by nosocomial infection with multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae // Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. ‒ 2016. ‒ Vol. 94, № 3. ‒ Р. 517-518.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gröschel M.I., Omansen T.F., de Lange W. et al. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis complicated by nosocomial infection with multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 2016, vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 517-518.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Madaras-Kelly K. J., Remington R. E., Sloan K. L., Fan V. S. Guideline-based antibiotics and mortality in healthcare-associated pneumonia // J. Gen. Intern. Med. ‒ 2012. ‒ Vol. 27, № 7. ‒ Р. 845-852.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Madaras-Kelly K.J., Remington R.E., Sloan K.L., Fan V.S. Guideline-based antibiotics and mortality in healthcare-associated pneumonia. J. Gen. Intern. Med., 2012, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 845-852.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magiorakos A. P., Srinivasan A., Carey R. B. et al. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance // Clin. Microbiol. Infect. – 2012. – Vol. 18, № 3. ‒ Р. 268-281.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Magiorakos A.P., Srinivasan A., Carey R.B. et al. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 2012, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 268-281.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mitrokhin S. D., Ivushkina L. V., Mironov A. Iu. Rational antimicrobial pharmacotherapy of secondary infections in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis // Antibiot. Khimioter. ‒ 2005. ‒ Vol. 50, № 7. ‒ Р. 32-36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitrokhin S.D., Ivushkina L.V., Mironov A.Iu. Rational antimicrobial pharmacotherapy of secondary infections in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Antibiot. Khimioter., 2005, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 32-36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steingart K. R., Schiller I., Horne D. J., Pai M., Boehme C. C., Dendukuri N. Xpert MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults (Review) // Cochrane Database Syst Rev. ‒ 2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steingart K.R., Schiller I., Horne D.J., Pai M., Boehme C.C., Dendukuri N. Xpert MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev., 2014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Kampen S. C., Tursynbayeva A., Koptleuova A. et al. Effect of introducing xpert MTB/RIF to test and treat individuals at risk of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Kazakhstan: A prospective cohort study // PLoS One. ‒ 2015. ‒ Vol. 10, № 7. ‒ Р. e0132514.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Kampen S.C., Tursynbayeva A., Koptleuova A. et al. Effect of introducing xpert MTB/RIF to test and treat individuals at risk of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Kazakhstan: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One, 2015, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. e0132514.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Documentation for World Health Assembly 67. (http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA67/A67_11-en.pdf. (Accessed 1 Dec 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. Documentation for World Health Assembly 67. Available: http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA67/A67_11-en.pdf. Accessed 1 Dec 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2013. Geneva: WHO; 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2013. Geneva, WHO, 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Library Cataloguing-in-Publication. Data Global tuberculosis report 2016. Geneva. (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250441/1/9789241565394-eng.pdf)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. Library Cataloguing-in-Publication. Data Global tuberculosis report 2016. Geneva. (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250441/1/9789241565394-eng.pdf)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
