<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2019-97-9-45-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1336</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние длительной кислородотерапии на клиническое течение заболевания и функцию диафрагмы у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких с гипоксемической дыхательной недостаточностью (опыт трехлетнего наблюдения)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of prolonged oxygen therapy on the clinical course of the disease and diaphragm function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypoxemic respiratory failure (three-year follow-up)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор научно-исследовательского института пульмонологии научно-клинического исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Director of Research Institute of Clinical Pulmonology Research Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">titovaon@spb-gmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузубова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzubova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе научно-исследовательского института пульмонологии научно-клинического исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Director for Research of Research Institute of Clinical Pulmonology Research Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzubova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склярова</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyarova</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, младший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского института пульмонологии научно-клинического исследовательского центра</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Junior Researcher of Research Institute of Clinical Pulmonology Research Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">darya_sklyarova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волчков</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volchkov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии и реаниматологии медицинского факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department of Medical Faculty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b2@zdrav.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волчкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volchkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elizavetavolch@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова» МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Титова О.Н., Кузубова Н.А., Склярова Д.Б., Волчков В.А., Волчкова Е.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Титова О.Н., Кузубова Н.А., Склярова Д.Б., Волчков В.А., Волчкова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Titova O.N., Kuzubova N.A., Sklyarova D.B., Volchkov V.A., Volchkova E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1336">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1336</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определить влияние длительной кислородотерапии (ДКТ) на модификацию клинико-функционального статуса у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) с тяжелой гипоксемической хронической дыхательной недостаточностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 30 больных ХОБЛ в период ремиссии заболевания, средний возраст составил 64,8 ± 6,9 года. После первичного обследования пациентам назначалась ДКТ на дому продолжительностью 16 ч/сут. В качестве базисной терапии все пациенты получали комбинированный бронхолитик длительного действия индакатерол/гликопирроний в дозе 110/50 мкг 1 раз в сутки в сочетании с беклометазона дипропионатом (БДП) в дозе 200-400 мкг/сут. Повторное обследование проводилось трехкратно с интервалом 1 год. Оценивались клинические показатели, газовый состав артериальой крови, результаты спирометрии, ультразвукового исследования диафрагмы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У больных ХОБЛ с гипоксемией исходно выявлены нарушения функционального состояния диафрагмы (снижение фракции утолщения, скорости расслабления). После первого года применения ДКТ выявлено повышение скоростей сокращения и расслабления мышечной части диафрагмы при спокойном дыхании. На 2-й и 3-й год использования ДКТ отмечалась стабилизация показателей функционального состояния диафрагмы. Применение ДКТ приводило к уменьшению числа обострений и к снижению летальности у больных ХОБЛ с гипоксемией. На фоне базисной терапии индакатеролом/гликопирронием в сочетании с низкими дозами БДП нежелательных явлений за весь период наблюдения не отмечено.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. ДКТ в сочетании с комбинацией двойного длительно действующего бронходилататора и ингаляционных глюкокортикостероидов в низкой дозе у больных ХОБЛ с гипоксемической хронической дыхательной недостаточностью способствует уменьшению одышки, числа тяжелых обострений, а также улучшению вентиляционной функции легких, газового состава крови, функции диафрагмы на протяжении первого года применения. В дальнейшем отмечается стабилизация показателей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to determine the eﬀect of prolonged oxygen therapy (POT) on changes in the clinical and functional status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and severe hypoxemic chronic respiratory failure.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. 30 patients with COPD were examined during the period of remission of the disease, the average age was 64.8 ± 6.9 years. After the initial examination, patients were prescribed POT at home for 16 hours/day. As a basic therapy, all patients received a combined bronchodilator of long-acting indacaterol/glycopyrronium at a dose of 110/50 μg once a day in combination with beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) at the dose of 200-400 μg/day. The patients were examined repeatedly 3 times with a 1-year interval. Clinical indicators, gas composition of arterial blood, results of spirometry and ultrasound examination of the diaphragm were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Initially, disorders of the functional state of the diaphragm were detected in COPD patients with hypoxemia (decrease in the thickening fraction and relaxation rate). After the ﬁrst year of using POT, an increase in the rates of contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm muscle under tidal respiration was observed. On the 2nd and 3rd year of using POT, it was noted that indicators of the functional state of the diaphragm stabilized. As a result of POT, the number of exacerbations went down and mortality in COPD patients with hypoxemia decreased. Against the background of basic therapy with indacaterol/glycopyrronium in combination with low doses of BDP, no adverse events were observed for the entire period of follow-up.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. POT in combination with a double long-acting bronchodilator and low-dose inhaled glucocorticosteroids in COPD patients with hypoxemic chronic respiratory failure helps to reduce dyspnea, the number of severe exacerbations, as well as improve pulmonary ventilation functions, blood gas content, and the diaphragm function during the ﬁrst year of its use. Further, the indicators continued to stabilize.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>длительная кислородотерапия</kwd><kwd>фракция утолщения диафрагмы</kwd><kwd>скорость расслабления диафрагмы</kwd><kwd>скорость сокращения диафрагмы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>prolonged oxygen therapy</kwd><kwd>diaphragm thickening fraction</kwd><kwd>diaphragm relaxation rate</kwd><kwd>diaphragm contraction rate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеев С. Н. Длительная кислородная терапия при хронической недостаточности. ‒ М.: ФГУ НИИ Пульмонологии Росздрава, 2011. ‒ 22 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Аvdeev S.N. Dlitelnaya kislorodnaya terapiya pri khronicheskoy nedostatochnosti. [Continuous oxygen therapy of chronic failure]. Moscow, FGU NII Pulmonologii Roszdrava Publ., 2011, 22 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чучалин А. Г., Авдеев С. Н., Айсанов З. Р. и др. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению хронической обструктивной болезни легких. Российское респираторное общество // Пульмонология. 2014. ‒ Т. 3. ‒ С. 15-36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chuchalin А.G., Аvdeev S.N., Аysanov Z.R. et al. Federal clinical recommendations on diagnostics and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Russian Respiratory Society, Pulmonoloiya, 2014, vol. 3, pp. 15-36. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmadi Z., Sundh J., Bornefalk-Hermansson A. et al. Long-term oxygen therapy 24 vs 15 h/day and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease // PLoS One. ‒ 2016. ‒ Vol. 11, № 9. ‒ Р. 768-774. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163293.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmadi Z., Sundh J., Bornefalk-Hermansson A. et al. Long-term oxygen therapy 24 vs 15 h/day and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One, 2016, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 768-774. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163293.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cho K. H., Kim Y. S., Nam C. M. Home oxygen therapy reduces risk of hospitalisation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population-based retrospective cohort study, 2005-2012 // BMJ Open. ‒ 2015. ‒ Vol. 5, № 11. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009065.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho K.H., Kim Y.S., Nam C.M. Home oxygen therapy reduces risk of hospitalisation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population-based retrospective cohort study, 2005-2012. BMJ Open, 2015, vol. 5, no. 11, doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009065.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">COPD Working Group. Long-term oxygen therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): an evidence-based analysis // Ontario Health Technol. Assessment. ‒ 2012. ‒ Vol. 12, № 7. ‒ Р. 1-64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">COPD Working Group. Long-term oxygen therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): an evidence-based analysis. Ontario Health Technol. Assessment, 2012, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 1-64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ekström M. P., Jogréus C., Ström K. E. Comorbidity and sex-related differences in mortality in oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease // PLoS One. ‒ 2012. ‒ Vol. 7, № 4. ‒ Р. 1149-1156. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035806.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ekström M.P., Jogréus C., Ström K.E. Comorbidity and sex-related differences in mortality in oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One, 2012, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1149-1156. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035806.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldbart J., Yohannes A. M., Woolrych R. «It is not going to change his life but it has picked him up»: a qualitative study of perspectives on long term oxygen therapy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease // Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. – 2013. – № 11. – P. 124-129. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldbart J., Yohannes A.M., Woolrych R. «It is not going to change his life but it has picked him up»: a qualitative study of perspectives on long term oxygen therapy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2013, no. 11, pp. 124-129. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-124.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hellebrandová L., Chlumský J., Vostatek P. et al. Airflow limitation is accompanied by diaphragm dysfunction // Physiol. Res. 2016. ‒ Vol. 65, № 3. ‒ Р. 469-479.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hellebrandová L., Chlumský J., Vostatek P. et al. Airflow limitation is accompanied by diaphragm dysfunction. Physiol. Res., 2016, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 469-479.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Medical Research Council Working Party. Long term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema: report of the Medical Research Council Working Party // Lancet. ‒ 1981. ‒ Vol. 1. ‒ Р. 681-686.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medical Research Council Working Party. Long term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema: report of the Medical Research Council Working Party. Lancet, 1981, vol. 1, pp. 681-686.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murray C. J., Lopez A. D. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990–2020: Global Burden of Disease Study // Lancet. ‒ 1997. ‒ Vol. 349. ‒ Р. 1498-1504. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07492-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murray C.J., Lopez A.D. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990–2020: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet, 1997, vol. 349, pp. 1498-1504. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07492-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group. Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease: a clinical trial // Ann. Internal Med. ‒ 1980. ‒ Vol. 93. ‒ Р. 391-398.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group. Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease: a clinical trial. Ann. Internal Med., 1980, vol. 93, pp. 391-398.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pavlov N., Hayness A. G., Stucki A.et al. Long-term oxygen therapy in COPD patients: population-based cohort study on mortality // Int. J. Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. ‒ 2018. ‒ Vol. 13. ‒ Р. 979-988. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S154749.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlov N., Hayness A.G., Stucki A.et al. Long-term oxygen therapy in COPD patients: population-based cohort study on mortality. Int. J. Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis., 2018, vol. 13, pp. 979-988. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S154749.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rocha F. R., Brüggemann A. K., Francisco D. S. et al. Diaphragmatic mobility: relationship with lung function, respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea, and physical activity in daily life in patients with COPD // J. Brasileiro de Pneumologia. ‒ 2017. ‒ Vol. 43, № 1. ‒ Р. 32-37. DOI: 10.1590/S1806-37562016000000097.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rocha F.R., Brüggemann A.K., Francisco D.S. et al. Diaphragmatic mobility: relationship with lung function, respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea, and physical activity in daily life in patients with COPD. J. Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 2017, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 32-37. doi: 10.1590/S1806-37562016000000097.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheibe N., Sosnowski N., Pinkhasik A. et al. Sonographic evaluation of diaphragmatic dysfunction in COPD patients // Intern. J. Chronic Obstructive Pulm. Dis. ‒ 2015. ‒ Vol. 10. ‒ Р. 1925-1930. DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S85659.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scheibe N., Sosnowski N., Pinkhasik A. et al. Sonographic evaluation of diaphragmatic dysfunction in COPD patients. Intern. J. Chronic Obstructive Pulm. Dis., 2015, vol. 10, pp. 1925-1930. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S85659.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh S., Agusti A., Anzueto A. et al. Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of COPD. 2019 // Eur. Respir. J. ‒ 2019. ‒ Mar 7. pii: 1900164. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00164-2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh S., Agusti A, Anzueto A. et al. Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of COPD. 2019. Eur. Respir. J., 2019, Mar 7. pii: 1900164, doi: 10.1183/13993003.00164-2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stoller J. K., Panos R. J., Krachman S. et al. Long-term Oxygen Treatment Trial Research Group. Oxygen therapy for patients with COPD: current evidence and the long-term oxygen treatment trial // Chest. ‒ 2010. ‒ Vol. 138, № 1. ‒ Р. 179-187. DOI: 10.1378/chest.09-2555.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stoller J.K., Panos R.J., Krachman S. et al. Long-term Oxygen Treatment Trial Research Group. Oxygen therapy for patients with COPD: current evidence and the long-term oxygen treatment trial. Chest, 2010, vol. 138, no. 1, pp. 179-187. doi: 10.1378/chest.09-2555.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamaguti W. P., Paulin E., Salge J. M. et al. Diaphragmatic dysfunction and mortality in patients with COPD // J. Brasileiro de Pneumologia. ‒ 2009. ‒ Vol. 35, № 12. ‒ Р. 1174-1181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamaguti W.P., Paulin E., Salge J.M. et al. Diaphragmatic dysfunction and mortality in patients with COPD. J. Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 2009, vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 1174-1181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
