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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2020-98-1-16-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1382</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск заболевания туберкулезом и эффективность его химиопрофилактики у трудовых мигрантов, жителей Республики Таджикистан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The risk to develop tuberculosis and efficacy of its preventive treatment in labor migrants residing in the Republic of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобоходжаев</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobokhodzhaev</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобоходжаев Октам Икрамович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фтизиопульмонологии.</p><p>734025, г. Душанбе, пр. Рудаки, д. 139.Тел.: +992985868080.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oktam I. Bobokhodzhaev – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Phthisiopulmonology Department.</p><p>139, Rudaki Ave., Dushanbe, 734025Phone: +992985868080</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bobokhojaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раджабзода</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radzhabzoda</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раджабзода Аслиддин Саидбурхонович – директор.</p><p>734025, г. Душанбе, ул. Бухоро, д. 53.Тел.: +992900001444.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asliddin S. Radzhabzoda – Director.</p><p>53, Bukhoro St., Dushanbe, 734025Phone: +992900001444</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asliddin.81@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзоева</surname><given-names>Ф. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzoeva</surname><given-names>F. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзоева Фарангиз Октамовна – врач-фтизиатр.</p><p>734025, г. Душанбе, ул. Бухоро, д. 53.Тел.: +992937776602.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Farangis O. Mirzoeva – Phthisiologist.</p><p>53, Bukhoro St., Dushanbe, 734025Phone: +992937776602</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fmirzoeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарипов</surname><given-names>Ф. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharipov</surname><given-names>F. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарипов Фируз Рустамович – соискатель.</p><p>734025, г. Душанбе, ул. Шевченко, д. 69.Тел.: +992919666685.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Firuz R. Sharipov – Postgraduate Student.</p><p>69, Shevchenko St., Dushanbe, 734025Phone: +992919666685</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">f85jon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиев Cамариддин Партоевич – директор.</p><p>734025, г. Душанбе, ул. Шевченко, д. 69.Тел.: +992907707397.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samariddin P. Aliev – Director.</p><p>69, Shevchenko St., Dushanbe, 734025Phone: +992907707397</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asamardin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Али-Заде</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ali-Zade</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Али-Заде Сухроб Ганиевич – ассистент кафедры фтизиопульмонологии.</p><p>734025, г. Душанбе, пр. Рудаки, д. 139.Тел.: +992928217755.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sukhrob G. Ali-Zade – Assistant of Phthisiopulmonology Department.</p><p>139, Rudaki Ave., Dushanbe, 734025Phone: +992928217755</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">suhrob_a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «ТГМУ им. Абуали ибни Сино»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Avicenna Tajik State Medical University</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Республиканский центр по защите населения от туберкулеза»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican TB Control Center</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «НИИ профилактической медицины Таджикистана»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Preventive Medicine Research Institute of Tajikistan</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бобоходжаев О.И., Раджабзода А.С., Мирзоева Ф.О., Шарипов Ф.Р., Алиев С.П., Али-Заде С.Г., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бобоходжаев О.И., Раджабзода А.С., Мирзоева Ф.О., Шарипов Ф.Р., Алиев С.П., Али-Заде С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bobokhodzhaev O.I., Radzhabzoda A.S., Mirzoeva F.O., Sharipov F.R., Aliev S.P., Ali-Zade S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1382">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1382</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить среди трудовых мигрантов, жителей Республики Таджикистан, распространенность латентной туберкулезной инфекции (ЛТИ), факторы риска перехода ЛТИ в туберкулез (ТБ) и эффективность химиопрофилактики ТБ у лиц с ЛТИ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В Республике Таджикистан наблюдали 500 жителей ‒ основная группа (ОГ), которые были в трудовой миграции более 3 мес. и вернулись на Родину в течение одного года до включения в данное исследование. Всем им проведены анкетирование для выявления факторов риска развития ТБ и обследование, включавшее пробу Манту с 2 ТЕ (ПМ), рентгенографию органов грудной клетки. Группу сравнения (ГС) составили 500 граждан той же половозрастной категории, не выезжавшие в трудовую миграцию, которым был проведен тот же комплекс обследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Положительная ПМ при нормальной рентгенограмме была выявлена у 40% лиц ОГ и 33,4% – ГС. Установлено, что в ОГ чаще, чем в ГС, имели место следующие факторы соответственно: частый и длительный контакт с больным ТБ – 78,2 и 23,1% (p &lt; 0,01); несоблюдение профилактики ТБ ‒ 83,1 и 48,4% (p &lt; 0,01); проживание и труд в неблагоприятных условиях 87,9 и 13,6% (p &lt; 0,01); неадекватное питание и отсутствие одежды по сезону ‒ 79,4 и 24,3% (p &lt; 0,01); ограниченный доступ к медицинским услугам ‒ 85,4 и 22,6% (p &lt; 0,01). Установлен более высокий суммарный коэффициент риска в ОГ (r = 4,75) по сравнению с ГС (r = 2,0), p &lt; 0,01. За 2-3-летнее наблюдение у лиц с ЛТИ, не прошедших химиопрофилактическое лечение изониазидом, заболевание ТБ диагностировано у 44,4% лиц ОГ и у 18,5% лиц ГС. Внедрение комплексного подхода по контролю ТБ среди лиц, готовящихся к трудовой миграции, позволило добиться снижения доли (с 19,7 до 13,7%) трудовых мигрантов в структуре заболеваемости ТБ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to study the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), risk factors for LTBI to develop into active tuberculosis, the efficacy of preventive treatment in those with LTBI among labor migrants, residing in the Republic of Tajikistan.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. In the Republic of Tajikistan, 500 residents were followed up as Main Group, they all were labor migrants for more than 3 months and returned to their homeland within one year before inclusion in this study. All of them participated in a questionnaire survey to identify risk factors for developing tuberculosis and had the examination that included Mantoux test with 2 TE and chest X-ray. Comparison Group (CG) consisted of 500 citizens of compatible gender and age who did not travel as labor migrants; they all participated in the same survey and had the same examination.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The positive results of Mantoux test with no abnormalities on X-ray were observed in 40% of people in Main Group and 33.4% of people in Comparison Group.The following factors were found to be more frequent in Main Group versus Comparison Group, respectively: frequent and continuous exposure to a TB case – 78.2 and 23.1% (p &lt; 0.01); no tuberculosis prevention – 83.1% and 48.4% (p &lt; 0.01); poor accommodation and work conditions 87.9 and 13.6% (p &lt; 0.01); inadequate diet and lack of proper clothes – 79.4 and 24.3% (p &lt; 0.01); limited access to medical care – 85.4 and 22.6% (p &lt; 0.01). MG was found to have a higher summarized risk coefficient (r = 4.75) versus CG (r = 2.0), p &lt; 0.01. During 2–3-year follow-up of those with LTBI who had no preventive treatment with isoniazod, tuberculosis was diagnosed in 44.4% of people from MG and 18.5% of people from CG. The introduction of the integrated approach to tuberculosis control among people preparing for labor migration allowed reducing the proportion (from 19.7 to 13.7%) of labor migrants in the structure of TB incidence.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>латентная туберкулезная инфекция</kwd><kwd>активный туберкулез</kwd><kwd>трудящиеся мигранты</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>latent tuberculosis infection</kwd><kwd>active tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>labor migrants</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Латентная туберкулезная инфекция: обновленное и объединенное руководство по программному ведению // Руководство. 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