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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2020-98-4-32-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1415</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пищевой статус и структура потребления макронутриентов у больных туберкулезом с различной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nutritional status and structure of macronutrient consumption in tuberculosis patients with different drug resistance profiles</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пасечник</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pasechnik</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пасечник Оксана Александровна кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры эпидемиологии.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (3812) 65-06-54. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana A. Pasechnik Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of Epidemiology Department.</p><p>Phone: +7 (3812) 65-06-54.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">opasechnik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вильмс</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vilms</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вильмс Елена Анатольевна кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры эпидемиологии.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (3812) 65-06-54. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Vilms Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of Epidemiology Department.</p><p>Phone: +7 (3812) 65-06-54.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wilms26@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турчанинов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turchaninov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турчанинов Денис Владимирович доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой гигиены, питания человека.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (3812) 60-54-18.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis V. Turchaninov Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Hygiene and Human Nutrition Department.</p><p>Phone: +7 (3812) 60-54-18.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omskgsen@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярусова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarusova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярусова Ирина Владимировна заведующая централизованной бактериологической лабораторией.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (3812) 42-13-11. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Yarusova Head of Central Bacteriological Laboratory.</p><p>Phone: +7 (3812) 42-13-11.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.v.yarusova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батищева</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batischeva</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батищева Татьяна Леонидовна заместитель главного врача по медицинской части.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (3812) 42-44-86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana L. Batischeva Deputy Head Doctor for Medical Activities.</p><p>Phone: +7 (3812) 42-44-86.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситникова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitnikova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ситникова Светлана Владимировна заместитель главного врача по медицинской части. </p><p>Тел.: 8 (3812) 95-68-20. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Sitnikova Deputy Head Doctor for Medical Activities.</p><p>Phone: +7 (3812) 95-68-20.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sveta_kptd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БУЗОО «Клинический противотуберкулезный диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical TB Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БУЗОО «Клинический противотуберкулезный диспансер № 4»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical TB Dispensary no. 4</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пасечник О.А., Вильмс Е.А., Турчанинов Д.В., Ярусова И.В., Батищева Т.Л., Ситникова С.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пасечник О.А., Вильмс Е.А., Турчанинов Д.В., Ярусова И.В., Батищева Т.Л., Ситникова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pasechnik O.A., Vilms E.A., Turchaninov D.V., Yarusova I.V., Batischeva T.L., Sitnikova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1415">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1415</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценка пищевого статуса и фактического питания больных туберкулезом органов дыхания с различной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Оценка фактического питания больных туберкулезом проводилась с использованием стандартного опросника, содержащего вопросы, характеризующие количество потребляемых пищевых продуктов и блюд в домашних условиях в течение последних 30 дней, предшествовавших опросу. Определение антропометрических показателей и опрос проводили медицинские работники в момент поступления пациентов в стационар. Выборка пациентов сформирована в период с апреля по август 2018 г. из 300 больных туберкулезом органов дыхания, выделявших M. tuberculosis. Группу туберкулеза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью составили 222 больных, группу с сохраненной чувствительностью M. tuberculosis к противотуберкулезным препаратам, а также с моно/полирезистентностью ‒ 78 пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что домашнее питание больных активным туберкулезом органов дыхания характеризовалось несбалансированностью основных пищевых веществ и энергии. Выявлены: недостаток белка в рационе (в том числе животного происхождения) ‒ у 80,6 ± 2,3% с глубиной более 55,7%; избыточное несбалансированное потребление жиров ‒ у 66,6 ± 2,7%; недостаточное потребление пищевых волокон ‒ у 45,0 ± 2,8%. Больные туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью потребляли больше энергии и макронутриентов (белков, жиров, пищевых волокон, животного белка, холестерина, жирных кислот) как в абсолютном выражении, так и относительно индивидуальной потребности, но вместе с тем имели худшие показатели пищевого статуса, 37,2% лиц имели недостаточность питания 1-3-й степени. При этом больные туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью значимо чаще имели ВИЧ-положительный статус, распространенный и хронический туберкулез, лечение которого само приводит к снижению аппетита, недоеданию, нарушению обмена и усвоения пищевых веществ.</p><p>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии у них конфликта интересов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to assess the nutritional status and actual nutrition of respiratory tuberculosis patients with various drug resistance patterns.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. The actual nutrition of tuberculosis patients was assessed using a standard questionnaire containing questions about the amount of food and meals consumed at home in the last 30 days preceding the survey. Assessment of anthropometric indicators and the survey were carried out by medical workers when the patients were admitted to hospital. Patients were enrolled from April to August 2018 out of 300 respiratory tuberculosis patients who had a positive result of a sputum test for M. tuberculosis. The multidrug resistant tuberculosis group consisted of 222 patients, while the group of those drug susceptible or having mono- or polyresistance included 78 patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found out that the home diet of patients with active respiratory tuberculosis was imbalanced in respect of basic nutrients and energy. The following was detected: lack of protein in the diet (including the one of animal origin) in 80.6 ± 2.3% with a depth of more than 55.7%; excess unbalanced fat consumption in 66.6 ± 2.7%; insufficient consumption of dietary fiber in 45.0 ± 2.8%. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients consumed more energy and macronutrients (proteins, fats, dietary fiber, animal protein, cholesterol, and fatty acids) both in absolute terms and relative to individual needs, but at the same time they had worse nutritional status indicators; 37,2% of them had malnutrition of the 1st to 3rd degree. At the same time, patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis were significantly more often HIV-positive, they had disseminated and chronic tuberculosis, the treatment of which itself lead to a decrease in appetite, malnutrition, metabolic and digestion disorders.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>фактическое питание</kwd><kwd>пищевой статус</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>drug resistance</kwd><kwd>actual nutrition</kwd><kwd>nutritional status</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований в рамках научного проекта № 18-013-00387</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research as part of Research Project No. 18-013-00387.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации по диагностике и коррекции нарушений пищевого статуса: [электронный ресурс]; Доступно на: http: //www.dietology-ion.ru/images/Recom_clinic.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike i korrektsii narusheniy pischevogo statusa. 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