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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2020-98-11-27-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетический полиморфизм и фенотипическая устойчивость Mycobacterium tuberculosis к офлоксацину и моксифлоксацину</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic polymorphism and phenotypic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to ofloxacin and moxifloxacin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахрушева</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vаkhrushevа</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вахрушева Диана Владимировна - кандидат биологических наук, заведующая научным отделом микробиологии и доклинических исследований</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел.: +7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana V. Vakhrusheva - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Research Department of Microbiology and Pre-Clinical Trials </p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vakhrusheva@urniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умпелева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umpelevа</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Умпелева Татьяна Валерьевна - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50 </p><p>Тел.: +7 (343) 333-44-66 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Umpeleva - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039 </p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 333-44-66 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tumpeleva@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремеева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremeevа</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еремеева Наталья Ивановна - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50 </p><p>Тел.: +7 (343) 333-44-66</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya I. Eremeeva - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039 </p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 333-44-66 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eremeevani@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавренчук</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lаvrenchuk</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лавренчук Леонид Сергеевич - младший научный сотрудник</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50 </p><p>Тел.: +7 (343) 333-44-66</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid S. Lavrenchuk - Junior Researcher </p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039 </p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 333-44-66</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leon5d@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красноборова</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krаsnoborovа</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красноборова Светлана Юрьевна - кандидат медицинских наук, и.о. директора </p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50 </p><p>Тел.: +7 (343) 333-44-63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Yu. Krasnoborova - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Acting Director </p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039 </p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 333-44-63</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krasnoborova@urniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панова</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panova</surname><given-names>А. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панова Анна Евгеньевна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением лабораторной диагностики </p><p>1127423, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, кор. 2</p><p>Тел.: +7 (495) 681-11-66 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna E. Panova - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Laboratory Diagnostics Department </p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 1127423</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 681-11-66</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">panovaae@nmrs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский НИИ фтизиопульмонологии ‒ филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology- the Branch of National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вахрушева Д.В., Умпелева Т.В., Еремеева Н.И., Лавренчук Л.С., Красноборова С.Ю., Панова А.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вахрушева Д.В., Умпелева Т.В., Еремеева Н.И., Лавренчук Л.С., Красноборова С.Ю., Панова А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vаkhrushevа D.V., Umpelevа T.V., Eremeevа N.I., Lаvrenchuk L.S., Krаsnoborovа S.Y., Panova А.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1480">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1480</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить фенотипическую чувствительность микобактерий туберкулеза (МБТ) к фторхинолонам офлоксацину и моксифлоксацину и сопоставить ее с наличием в геноме МБТ мутаций, ассоциированных с устойчивостью к фторхинолонам, для определения возможности использования этих данных при формировании IV и V режимов химиотерапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 108 культур Mycobacterium tuberculosis с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью, полученных в 2018-2019 гг. из клинического материала пациентов, больных туберкулезом, в трех областях России.</p><p>Определение лекарственной чувствительности выделенных культур выполняли по стандартным методикам модифицированным методом пропорций на жидкой питательной среде в системе Bactec MGIT 960. Выявление генетических детерминант множественной и широкой лекарственной устойчивости возбудителя туберкулеза проводили с использованием тест-системы «ТБ-ТЕСТ», ООО «Биочип-ИМБ».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что из 66 культур, устойчивых к офлоксацину, 26 (39,4%) были чувствительны к моксифлоксацину, 40 (60,6%) ‒ устойчивы. Таким образом, интерполяция данных теста лекарственной устойчивости МБТ к офлоксацину на моксифлоксацин является неоправданной, а использование метода абсолютных концентраций в качестве единственного фенотипического метода тестирования лекарственной чувствительности в современных лабораториях недопустимо. Показано, что высокий уровень устойчивости к моксифлоксацину (0,5 мкг/мл) обусловлен главным образом наличием в геноме замен gyrAD94G, gyrAD94N и gyrAD94H. Поставлен вопрос о пересмотре существующих концентраций для моксифлоксацина при проведении фенотипического тестирования лекарственной чувствительности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to study the phenotypic sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) to fluoroquinolones, ofloxacin and moxifloxacin and correlate it with MTB genome mutations associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones to determine the possibility to use these data when compiling chemotherapy regimens IV and V.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. The study included 108 multiple drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures obtained in 2018-2019 from specimens of tuberculosis patients from three regions of Russia.</p><p>To test drug susceptibility of the isolated cultures, standard methods of the modified method of proportions on a liquid medium by Bactec MGIT 960 were used. Genetic determinants of multiple and extensive drug resistance of tuberculosis mycobacteria were detected using the test system of TB-TEST, OOO Biochip-IMB.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Of 66 cultures resistant to ofloxacin, 26 (39.4%) were found to be sensitive to moxifloxacin, while 40 (60.6%) were resistant. Thus, the interpolation of data of ofloxacin drug susceptibility testing to moxifloxacin is unjustified, and using the absolute concentration method as the only phenotypic drug susceptibility testing method in modern laboratories is unacceptable. It was demonstrated that the high level of resistance to moxifloxacin (0.5 μg/ml) was mainly due to the presence of the gyrAD94G, gyrAD94N, and gyrAD94H substitutions in the genome. It was suggested to revise the existing concentrations for moxifloxacin during phenotypic drug susceptibility testing.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>тестирование лекарственной устойчивости</kwd><kwd>фторхинолоны</kwd><kwd>критическая концентрация</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>gyrA</kwd><kwd>gyrB</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>drug susceptibility testing</kwd><kwd>fluoroquinolones</kwd><kwd>critical concentration</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd><kwd>gyrA</kwd><kwd>gyrB</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность И. Н. Горшковой и Л. П. Гавриловой за предоставленные для анализа культуры МБТ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their deepest gratitude to I.N. Gorshkova and L.P. 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