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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-2-34-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1509</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Короткие курсы химиотерапии у детей с лекарственно-устойчивым туберкулезом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Short course chemotherapy in children suffering from drug resistant tuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клевно</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klevno</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клевно Надежда Ивановна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник детско-подросткового отдела</p><p>127473, Москва, Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda I. Klevno, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher of Children and Adolescents Department</p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.i.klevno@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аksenova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аксенова Валентина Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор,заведующая детско-подростковым отделом</p><p>127473, Москва, Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A., Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Children and Adolescents Department</p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.a.aksenova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аксенова Валентина Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор,заведующая детско-подростковым отделом</p><p>127473, Москва, Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Kazakov, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher of Children and Adolescents Department</p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeykazakov1982@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевская</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevskaya</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалевская Елена Борисовна, младший научный сотрудник детско-подросткового отдела</p><p>127473, Москва, Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena B. Kovalevskaya, Junior Researcher of Children and Adolescents Department</p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulshina.lena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Клевно Н.И., Аксенова В.А., Казаков А.В., Ковалевская Е.Б., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клевно Н.И., Аксенова В.А., Казаков А.В., Ковалевская Е.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klevno N.I., Аksenova V.A., Kazakov A.V., Kovalevskaya E.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1509">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1509</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить влияние коротких режимов химиотерапии на результаты лечения детей с лекарственно-устойчивым туберкулезом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В течение 2017-2019 гг. пролечен 31 ребенок в возрасте 3-17 лет короткими курсами химиотерапии – 12-15 мес. В исследование включены дети обоего пола с впервые выявленным легочным туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью (МЛУ) микобактерий туберкулеза (МБТ) или риском МЛУ, с отсутствием в анамнезе указаний на прием противотуберкулезных препаратов резервного ряда, без тяжелых сопутствующих заболеваний. Перед назначением лечения всем детям, помимо общеклинического и лабораторного обследования, проведена компьютерная томография легких.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Схему химиотерапии для каждого ребенка составляли из 4-6 препаратов персонально с учетом устойчивости МБТ собственной или у предполагаемого источника заражения. Во всех случаях в комбинацию препаратов включали фторхинолоны (левофлоксацин или моксифлоксацин). Часто назначали амикацин (67,7%), аминосалициловую кислоту (80,6%) и протионамид (74,2%). Получали пиразинамид 54,8% детей, циклосерин ‒ 48,4%. Учитывая ограниченные процессы, линезолид получали лишь 16,1% детей и 9,7% ‒ бедаквилин. Основной курс химиотерапии составил 13,2 ± 0,5 мес. (от 12 до 15 мес. в зависимости от формы туберкулеза и динамики процесса). Длительность фазы интенсивной терапии составила в среднем 4,8 ± 0,3 мес. Нежелательные реакции на препараты, потребовавшие их отмены, имели место у 2 (6,5 ± 4,4%) из 31 ребенка.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Данные исследования показали удовлетворительную переносимость и хорошую эффективность подобранных схем лечения туберкулеза с МЛУ МБТ при коротких курсах. Рецидива туберкулеза ни в одном случае не отмечено.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to study the effect of short course chemotherapy regimens on treatment outcomes in children with drug resistant tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods. In 2017-2019, 31 children at the age from 3 to 17 years old, received short course chemotherapy which lasted for 12-15 months. Children of both genders were enrolled in the study, they all were new pulmonary tuberculosis cases with multiple drug resistance or at risk of MDR, with no history of previous treatment with reserve anti-tuberculosis drugs, and without severe concomitant diseases. Before the treatment was prescribed, all children underwent lung computed tomography additionally to general clinical and laboratory tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The chemotherapy regimen for each child consisted of 4-6 drugs selected individually with the consideration of resistance pattern of the child or suspected index case. In all cases, the combination of drugs included fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin or moxifloxacin). Amikacin (67.7%), aminosalicylic acid (80.6%) and prothionamide (74.2%) were frequently prescribed. 54.8% of children received pyrazinamide and 48.4% – cycloserine. Given the limited lesions, only 16.1% of children received linezolid and 9.7% of children received bedaquiline. The main chemotherapy course made 13.2 ± 0.5 months (from 12 to 15 months depending on the form of tuberculosis and changes during treatment). The duration of the intensive phase made 4.8 ± 0.3 on the average. 2 (6.5 ± 4.4%) of 31 children developed adverse events requiring the cancellation of the drugs causing them.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. This study has demonstrated satisfactory tolerability and good efficacy of these short course regimens for treatment of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis. No relapses of tuberculosis were reported.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез у детей с МЛУ МБТ</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>короткие курсы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MDR tuberculosis in children</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>short course</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова В. А., Клевно Н. И, Кавтарашвили С. М., Казаков А. В., Пахлавонова А. Д. Очаг туберкулезной инфекции как риск развития у детей туберкулеза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью // Туб. и болезни легких. ‒ 2018. ‒ № 1. ‒ С. 16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Аksenova V.А., Klevno N.I, Kavtarashvili S.M., Kazakov А.V., Pakhlavonova А.D. 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