<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-4-22-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1527</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внебольничные пневмонии у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Community-acquired pneumonia in HIV patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-5517</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викторова</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viktorova</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Викторова Ирина Борисовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры фтизиопульмонологии654005, г. Новокузнецк, пр. Строителей, д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina B. Viktorova – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of Phthisiopulmonology Department5, Stroiteley Ave., Novokuznetsk, 654005.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinaviktoroff@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимина</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimina</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зимина Вера Николаевна – «Российский университет дружбы народов»,доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней с курсами эпидемиологии и фтизиатрии медицинского института.117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera N. Zimina – Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Infectious Diseases Department with Training Courses in Epidemiology and Phthisiology of the Medical Institute6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vera-zim@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дадыка</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dadyka</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дадыка Инна Валентиновна – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая терапевтическим отделением</p><p>654005, г. Новокузнецк, ул. Кузнецова, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna V. Dadyka – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Therapy Department</p><p>35, Kuznetsova St., Novokuznetsk, 654005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">innad2208@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аndreeva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреева Ирина Валерьевна – врач-терапевт</p><p>654005, г. Новокузнецк, ул. Кузнецова, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Andreeva – General Practitioner</p><p>35, Kuznetsova St., Novokuznetsk, 654005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinaandreeva@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головина Ирина Александровна – врач-терапевт</p><p>654005, г. Новокузнецк, ул. Кузнецова, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Golovina – General Practitioner</p><p>35, Kuznetsova St., Novokuznetsk, 654005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lag1984@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чужикова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuzhikova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чужикова Елена Петровна – врач-терапевт</p><p>654005, г. Новокузнецк, ул. Кузнецова, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena P. Chuzhikova – General Practitioner</p><p>35, Kuznetsova St., Novokuznetsk, 654005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chuzhikova-lena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novokuznetsk State Institute for Doctors' Professional Development – Branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов;&#13;
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia;&#13;
National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новокузнецкий филиал ГБУЗ Кемеровской области «Кемеровский областной клинический кардиологический диспансер имени академика Л. С. Барбараша»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novokuznetsk Branch of Kemerovo Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary Named after Academician L. S. Barbarash</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Викторова И.Б., Зимина В.Н., Дадыка И.В., Андреева И.В., Головина И.А., Чужикова Е.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Викторова И.Б., Зимина В.Н., Дадыка И.В., Андреева И.В., Головина И.А., Чужикова Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Viktorova I.B., Zimina V.N., Dadyka I.V., Аndreeva I.V., Golovina I.A., Chuzhikova E.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1527">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1527</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить частоту и характер внебольничных пневмоний (ВП) у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: сплошное продольное ретроспективное исследование всех случаев заболеваний органов дыхания среди больных ВИЧ-инфекцией (n = 185), проходивших стационарное лечение в терапевтическом отделении.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. ВП диагностирована у 38,4% (n = 71) больных и стала самым частым заболеванием органов дыхания среди больных ВИЧ-инфекцией. Медиана CD4-лимфоцитов при ВП составила 197,5 кл/мкл, антиретровирусную терапию до госпитализации принимали 9,1% больных. Мультилобарная распространенность ВП определялась у 74,7% больных ВП (n = 53). Лабораторные показатели, ассоциированные с тяжелым течением ВП (лейкоцитоз &gt; 12 × 109/л, лейкопения &lt; 4,0 × 109/л и тромбоцитопения &lt; 100 × 1012/л), были связаны со степенью иммунодефицита и не зависели от распространенности инфильтрации (p &gt; 0,05). Бактериемия при ВП была выявлена у 20,8% пациентов и явилась фактором, ассоциированным с неэффективностью стандартной эмпирической антибактериальной терапии (p &lt; 0,05). У 9,9% больных ВП (n = 7) диагностирована полимикробная инфекция. Летальные исходы при ВП констатированы в 5,6% случаев (n = 4), все с тяжелой иммуносупрессией (медиана CD4-лимфоцитов составила 5 кл/мкл), 2 случая ‒ при двусторонней субтотальной ВП и 2 – при полимикробной инфекции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to study the frequency and nature of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in HIV patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and methods</title><p>Subjects and methods: The continuous longitudinal retrospective study of all cases of respiratory diseases among HIV patients (n = 185), who received in-patient treatment in the therapy department.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. CAP was diagnosed in 38.4% (n = 71) of patients and it was the most frequent respiratory disease among HIV patients. The median CD4 count in CAP made 197.5 cells/μL, 9.1% of patients received antiretroviral therapy before hospital admission. 74.7% of CAP patients (n = 53) had lesions disseminated to several lobes. Laboratory parameters revealed in severe CAP (leukocytosis &gt; 12 × 109/L, leukopenia &lt; 4.0 × 109/L and thrombocytopenia &lt; 100 × 1012/L) were associated with the degree of immunodeficiency and did not depend on the infiltration dissemination (p &gt; 0.05). Bacteremia in CAP was detected in 20.8% of patients and it was associated with the failure of standard empiric antibiotic therapy (p &lt; 0.05). 9.9% of CAP patients (n = 7) were diagnosed with polymicrobial infection. Lethal outcomes of CAP were recorded in 5.6% of cases (n = 4), all with severe immunosuppression (the median of CD4 count was 5 cells/μL), 2 cases had bilateral subtotal CAP and 2 suffered from polymicrobial infection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>внебольничная пневмония</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>community-acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каминский Г. Д., Кудлай Д. А., Панова А. Е., Паролина Л. Е., Перегудова А. Б., Пшеничная Н. Ю., Самойлова А. Г., Тестов В. В., Тинькова В. В. Тактика врача при выявлении, диагностике и профилактике сочетанной инфекции ВИЧ и туберкулез: Практическое руководство / под ред. И. А. Васильевой. ‒ М., 2020. ‒ 152 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaminskiy G.D., Kudlay D.А., Panova А.E., Parolina L.E., Peregudova А.B., Pshenichnaya N.Yu., Samoylova А.G., Testov V.V., Tinkova V.V. Taktika vracha pri vyyavlenii, diagnostike i profilaktike sochetannoy infektsii VICH i tuberkulez: prakticheskoe rukovodstvo. [Tactics of the physician in the detection, diagnosis and prevention of TB/HIV coinfection. Practical guide]. I.A. Vasilyeva, eds., Moscow, 2020, 152 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рачина С. А., Козлов Р. С., Шаль Е. П., Устюжанин И. В., Кречиков О. И., Иванчик Н. В., Гудков И. В., Асафьева О. Ю., Гучев И. А., Гуляева С. А., Бурдинская Ю. В., Яцышина С. Б., Астахова Т. С., Бейкин Я. Б., Беседина Л. Г. Структура бактериальных возбудителей внебольничной пневмонии в многопрофильных стационарах г. Смоленска // Пульмонология. ‒ 2011. ‒ № 1. ‒ С. 5-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rachina S.А., Kozlov R.S., Shal E.P., Ustyuzhanin I.V., Krechikov O.I., Ivanchik N.V., Gudkov I.V., Аsafieva O.Yu., Guchev I.А., Gulyaeva S.А., Burdinskaya Yu.V., Yatsyshina S.B., Аstakhova T.S., Beykin YA.B., Besedina L.G. The structure of bacterial pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia in multidisciplinary hospitals in Smolensk. Pulmonologiya, 2011, no. 1, pp. 5-18. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ханин А. Л., Шабина О. П., Викторова И. Б. Болезни органов дыхания в промышленном регионе Сибири: анализ заболеваемости на примере Кемеровской области // Вестник современной клинической медицины. ‒ 2019. ‒ Т. 12. Вып. 3. ‒ С. 47-53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khanin А.L., Shabina O.P., Viktorova I.B. Respiratory diseases in the industrial region of Siberia: incidence analysis using Kemerovo Region as an example. Vestnik Sovremennoy Klinicheskoy Meditsiny, 2019, vol. 12, Issue 3, pp. 47-53. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adesida S. A., Abioye O. A., Bamiro B. S., Amisu K. O., Badaru S. O., Coker A. O. Staphylococcal bacteraemia among human immunodeficiency virus positive patients at a screening center in Lagos, Nigeria. Beni-Suef Univ // J. Basic Appl. Sci. ‒ 2017. ‒ № 6. ‒ Р. 112-117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adesida S.A., Abioye O.A., Bamiro B.S., Amisu K.O., Badaru S.O., Coker A.O. Staphylococcal bacteraemia among human immunodeficiency virus positive patients at a screening center in Lagos, Nigeria. Beni-Suef Univ. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 2017, no. 6, pp. 112-117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Almeida A., Almeida A.R., Castelo Branco S., Vesza Z., Pereira R. CURB-65 and other markers of illness severity in community-acquired pneumonia among HIV-positive patients // Int. J. STD AIDS. ‒ 2016. ‒ Vol. 27, № 11. ‒ Р. 998-1004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almeida A., Almeida A.R., Castelo Branco S., Vesza Z., Pereira R. CURB-65 and other markers of illness severity in community-acquired pneumonia among HIV-positive patients. Int. J. STD AIDS, 2016, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 998-1004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">CDC. 1993 Revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR 1992; 41(no. RR-17).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDC. 1993 Revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR 1992; 41(no. RR-17).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cilloniz C., Torres A., Polverino E., Gabarrus A., Amaro R., Moreno E., Villegas S., Ortega M., Mensa J., Marcos M. A., Moreno A., Miro J. M. Community-acquired lung respiratory infections in HIV-infected patients: Microbial aetiology and outcome // Eur. Respir. J. ‒ 2014. ‒ № 43. ‒ Р. 1698-1708.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cilloniz C., Torres A., Polverino E., Gabarrus A., Amaro R., Moreno E., Villegas S., Ortega M., Mensa J., Marcos M.A., Moreno A., Miro J.M. Community-acquired lung respiratory infections in HIV-infected patients: Microbial aetiology and outcome. Eur. Respir. J., 2014, no. 43, pp. 1698-1708.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Curran A., Falcó V., Crespo M., Martinez X., Ribera E., Villar del Saz S., Imaz A., Coma E., Ferrer A., Pahissa A. Bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: use of the pneumonia severity index and impact of current management on incidence, aetiology and outcome // HIV Med. ‒ 2008. ‒ Vol. 9, № 8. ‒ Р. 609-615.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Curran A., Falcó V., Crespo M., Martinez X., Ribera E., Villar del Saz S., Imaz A., Coma E., Ferrer A., Pahissa A. Bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: use of the pneumonia severity index and impact of current management on incidence, aetiology and outcome. HIV Med., 2008, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 609-615.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feldman C., Anderson R. HIV-associated bacterial pneumonia // Clin. Chest Med. ‒ 2013. ‒ Vol. 34, № 2. ‒ Р. 205-216.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feldman C., Anderson R. HIV-associated bacterial pneumonia. Clin. Chest Med., 2013, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 205-216.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Figueiredo-Mello C., Naucler P., Negra M. D., Levin A. S. Ceftriaxone versus ceftriaxone plus a macrolide for community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS: a randomized controlled trial // Clin. Microbiol. Infect. ‒ 2018. ‒ Vol. 24, № 2. ‒ Р. 146-151.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figueiredo-Mello C., Naucler P., Negra M.D., Levin A.S. Ceftriaxone versus ceftriaxone plus a macrolide for community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS: a randomized controlled trial. Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 2018, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 146-151.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/glchunk/glchunk_327.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/glchunk/glchunk_327.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Head B. M., Trajtman A., Rueda Z. V., Vélez L., Keynan Y. Atypical bacterial pneumonia in the HIV-infected population // Pneumonia (Nathan). ‒ 2017. ‒ № 9. ‒ Р. 12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Head B.M., Trajtman A., Rueda Z.V., Vélez L., Keynan Y. Atypical bacterial pneumonia in the HIV-infected population. Pneumonia (Nathan), 2017, no. 9, pp. 12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohli R., Lo Y., Homel P., Flanigan T. P., Gardner L. I., Howard A. A., Rompalo A. M., Moskaleva G., Schuman P., Schoenbaum E. E. HER Study Group, bacterial pneumonia, HIV therapy, and disease progression among HIV-infected women in the HIV Epidemiologic Research (HER) study // Clin. Infect. Dis. ‒ 2006. ‒ Vol. 43, № 1. ‒ Р. 90-98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohli R., Lo Y., Homel P., Flanigan T.P., Gardner L.I., Howard A.A., Rompalo A.M., Moskaleva G., Schuman P., Schoenbaum E.E. HER Study Group, bacterial pneumonia, HIV therapy, and disease progression among HIV-infected women in the HIV Epidemiologic Research (HER) study. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2006, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 90-98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koss C. A., Jarlsberg L. G., den Boon S., Cattamanchi A., Davis J. L., Worodria W., Ayakaka I., Sanyu I., Huang L.; International HIV-associated Opportunistic Pneumonias (IHOP) Study. A clinical predictor score for 30-day mortality among HIV-infected adults hospitalized with pneumonia in Uganda // PLoS One. ‒ 2015. ‒ № 10. ‒ Р. e0126591.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koss C.A., Jarlsberg L.G., den Boon S., Cattamanchi A., Davis J.L., Worodria W., Ayakaka I., Sanyu I., Huang L.; International HIV-associated Opportunistic Pneumonias (IHOP) Study. A clinical predictor score for 30-day mortality among HIV-infected adults hospitalized with pneumonia in Uganda. PLoS One, 2015, no. 10, pp. e0126591.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malinis M., Myers J., Bordon J., Peyrani P., Kapoor R., Nakamatzu R., Lopardo G., Torres A., Feldman C., Allen M., Arnold F., Ramirez J. Clinical outcomes of HIV-infected patients hospitalized with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia // Int. J. Infect. Dis. ‒ 2010. ‒ № 14. ‒ Р. e22-e27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malinis M., Myers J., Bordon J., Peyrani P., Kapoor R., Nakamatzu R., Lopardo G., Torres A., Feldman C., Allen M., Arnold F., Ramirez J. Clinical outcomes of HIV-infected patients hospitalized with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. Int. J. Infect. Dis., 2010, no. 14, pp. e22-e7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mane A., Gujar P., Gaikwad S., Bembalkar S., Gaikwad S. Dhamgaye T., Risbud A. Aetiological spectrum of severe community-acquired pneumonia in HIV-positive patients from Pune, India. // Indian J. Med. Res. ‒ 2018. ‒ Vol. 147, № 2. ‒ Р. 202-206.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mane A., Gujar P., Gaikwad S., Bembalkar S., Gaikwad S. Dhamgaye T., Risbud A. Aetiological spectrum of severe community-acquired pneumonia in HIV-positive patients from Pune, India. Indian J. Med. Res., 2018, vol. 147, no. 2, pp. 202-206.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Metersky M. L., Ma A., Bratzler D. W., Houck P. M. Predicting bacteremia in patients with community-acquired pneumonia // Am. J. Respir. Crit Care Med. ‒ 2004. ‒ № 169. ‒ Р. 342-347.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Metersky M.L., Ma A., Bratzler D.W., Houck P.M. Predicting bacteremia in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Am. J. Respir. Crit .Care Med., 2004, no. 169, pp. 342-347.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Metlay J. P., Waterer G. W, Long A. C., Anzueto A., Brozek J., Crothers K., Cooley L. A., Dean N. C., Fine M. J., Flanders S. A., Griffin M. R., Metersky M. L., Musher D. M., Restrepo M. I., Whitney C. G. Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America // Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. ‒ 2019. ‒ Vol. 200, № 7. ‒ Р. e45-e67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Metlay J.P., Waterer G.W, Long A.C., Anzueto A., Brozek J., Crothers K., Cooley L.A., Dean N.C., Fine M.J., Flanders S.A., Griffin M.R., Metersky M.L., Musher D.M., Restrepo M.I., Whitney C.G. Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2019, vol. 200, no. 7, pp. e45-e67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mkoko P., Raine R. I. HIV-positive patients in the intensive care unit: a retrospective audit // South Afr. Med. J. Suid-Afr. Tydskr. Vir. Geneeskd. ‒ 2017. ‒ Vol. 107, № 10. ‒ Р. 877-881.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mkoko P., Raine R.I. HIV-positive patients in the intensive care unit: a retrospective audit. South Afr. Med. J. Suid-Afr. Tydskr. Vir. Geneeskd., 2017, vol. 107, no. 10, pp. 877-881.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torres A., Blasi F., Peetermans W. E., Viegi G., Welte T. The aetiology and antibiotic management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review // Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. ‒ 2014. ‒ Vol. 33, № 7. ‒ Р. 1065-1079.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torres A., Blasi F., Peetermans W.E., Viegi G., Welte T. The aetiology and antibiotic management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 2014, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 1065-1079.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torres A., Peetermans W. E., Viegi G., Blasi F. Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review // Thorax. ‒ 2013. ‒ Vol. 68, № 11. ‒ Р. 1057-1065.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torres A., Peetermans W.E., Viegi G., Blasi F. Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review. Thorax, 2013, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 1057-1065.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
