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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-7-18-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1551</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль факторов риска в развитии туберкулеза у детей из очагов с устойчивостью микобактерий к рифампицину</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Risk Factors in the Development of Tuberculosis in Children Exposed to Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифоренко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforenko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифоренко Наталья Александровна – аспирантка кафедры фтизиатрии.</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, Литовская ул., д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Nikiforenko – Postgraduate Student of Phthisiology Department.</p><p>2, Litovskaya St., St. Petersburg, 194100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikiforenko.natalja@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозовская</surname><given-names>М. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovskaya</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лозовская Марина Эдуардовна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой фтизиатрии.</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, Литовская ул., д. 2.</p><p>Тел.: +7 (812) 321-33-36.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina E. Lozovskaya – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Phthisiology Department.</p><p>2, Litovskaya St., St. Petersburg, 194100</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 321-33-36</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lozovskaja-marina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новик</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novik</surname><given-names>G. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новик Геннадий Айзикович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой детских болезней им. проф. И. М. Воронцова ФП и ДПО.</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, Литовская ул., д. 2.</p><p>Тел.: +7 (812) 295-14-04.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady A. Novik – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Pediatric Diseases Department Named after Prof. I.M. Vorontsov, Faculty of Pediatrics and Professional Development.</p><p>2, Litovskaya St., St. Petersburg, 194100</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 295-14-04</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ga_novik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деревянко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derevyanko</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Деревянко Алексей Валерьевич – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий амбулаторно-поликлиническим отделением.</p><p>196607, Санкт-Петербург, г. Пушкин, Октябрьский б-р, д. 6.</p><p>Тел.: + 7 (812) 470-03-40.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Derevyanko – Pushkin TB Dispensary, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Out-Patient Department.</p><p>6, Oktyabrskiy Boulevard, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196607</p><p>Phone: + 7 (812) 470-03-40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bronchology@me.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочмарев</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochmarev</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кочмарев Николай Владимирович – заведующий детским отделением.</p><p>198095, Санкт-Петербург, Оборонная ул., д. 33.</p><p>Тел.: +7 (812) 786-20-90.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Kochmarev – Head of Pediatric Department.</p><p>33, Oboronnaya St., St. Petersburg, 198095</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 786-20-90</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kochmarev.kolya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» МЗ РФ; СПб ГБУЗ «Пушкинский противотуберкулезный диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; Pushkin TB Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Пушкинский противотуберкулезный диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pushkin TB Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Противотуберкулезный диспансер № 16»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>TB Dispensary no. 16</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никифоренко Н.А., Лозовская М.Э., Новик Г.А., Деревянко А.В., Кочмарев Н.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никифоренко Н.А., Лозовская М.Э., Новик Г.А., Деревянко А.В., Кочмарев Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikiforenko N.A., Lozovskaya M.E., Novik G.А., Derevyanko А.V., Kochmarev N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1551">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1551</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: выявление факторов повышенного риска развития заболевания туберкулезом (ТБ) у детей из тесного контакта с больным, выделяющим микобактерии туберкулеза (МБТ), устойчивые и чувствительные к рифампицину.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы исследования</title><p>Материалы исследования. В ретроспективное исследование включены дети до 6 лет из бытового контакта с больным ТБ бактериовыделителем – 161 человек. Дети разделены на группы: 1-я группа (n = 92) – дети, не заболевшие ТБ; 2-я группа (n = 69) – дети, заболевшие ТБ. В каждой группе выделены две подгруппы: с лекарственной чувствительностью МБТ источника инфекции к рифампицину (ЛЧ МБТ к R) – 1А (n = 40) и 2А (n = 43) и с устойчивостью МБТ к рифампицину (ЛУ МБТ к R) – 1Б (n = 52) и 2Б (n = 26).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. ЛУ МБТ к изониазиду в очаге увеличивает риск ТБ у ребенка в 12 раз в отличие от ЛУ МБТ к R, которая не оказывает влияния на риск ТБ. Двойные и более контакты с больным ТБ повышают риск ТБ у ребенка в 2-14 раз. Вакцинация БЦЖ снижает риск ТБ у ребенка из очага в 2-13 раз.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to identify factors of a higher risk to develop tuberculosis in children exposed to tuberculosis cases resistant or sensitive to rifampicin.</p><p>Subjects 161 children under 6 years old exposed to tuberculosis in their families were enrolled in the retrospective study. The children were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (n = 92) – children free of TB; Group 2 (n = 69) – children ill with TB. In each group, two subgroups were identified: those with index cases susceptible to rifampicin (RS) 1A (n = 40) and 2A (n = 43) and those with index cases resistant to rifampicin (RR) 1Б (n = 52) and 2Б (n = 26).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Exposure to isoniazid resistant tuberculosis increases the risk of TB in the child by 12 times, on the opposite, drug resistance to rifampicin provides no impact on the risk to develop tuberculosis. If the child is exposed to 2 cases of tuberculosis and more, the risk to develop tuberculosis increases by 2-14 times. BCG vaccination of the child exposed to tuberculosis reduces the risk to develop tuberculosis by 2-13 times.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>очаг туберкулеза</kwd><kwd>МЛУ</kwd><kwd>ШЛУ</kwd><kwd>превентивное лечение</kwd><kwd>БЦЖ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis focus</kwd><kwd>MDR</kwd><kwd>XDR</kwd><kwd>preventive treatment</kwd><kwd>BCG</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова В. А., Барышникова Л. А., Клевно Н. 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