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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-10-7-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1574</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Результаты лечения туберкулеза у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis treatment outcomes in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8555-6291</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аksenova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аксенова Валентина Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела детско-подросткового туберкулеза</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, кор. 2.</p><p>SPIN-код: 2776-5450</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Аksenova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Children and Adolescents Tuberculosis Department</p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473StartFragment </p><p>SPIN-код: 2776-5450</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.a.aksenova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русакова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusakova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русакова Лариса Ивановна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая научно-организационным отделом</p><p>107564, Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2, тел.: +7 (499) 785-91-78</p><p>SPIN-код: 7804-6468</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa I. Rusakova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of Research and Organizational Department</p><p>2, Yauzskaya Alleya, Moscow, 107564, phone: +7 (499) 785-91-78</p><p>SPIN-код: 7804-6468</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larisa.rusakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-8055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стерликов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sterlikov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стерликов Сергей Александрович, доктор медицинских наук, заместитель руководителя федерального центра мониторинга противодействия распространению туберкулеза в Российской Федерации по программному мониторингу</p><p>127254, Москва, ул. Добролюбова, д. 11</p><p>SPIN-код: 8672-4853</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Sterlikov, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Deputy Head for Program Monitoring of Federal Monitoring Center for Prevention of Tuberculosis Transmission in the Russian Federation</p><p>11, Dobrolyubova St., Moscow, 127254</p><p>SPIN-код: 8672-4853</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sterlikov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Центральный НИИ туберкулеза»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Tuberculosis Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центральный НИИ организации и информатизации здравоохранения» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аксенова В.А., Русакова Л.И., Стерликов С.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аксенова В.А., Русакова Л.И., Стерликов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Аksenova V.A., Rusakova L.I., Sterlikov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1574">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1574</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: провести оценку исходов лечения туберкулеза у детей 0-14 лет в динамике.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: ретроспективный когортный анализ исходов туберкулеза у 15 794 детей 0-14 лет, зарегистрированных для лечения с 2011 по 2018 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Доля детей, переведенных на МЛУ-режимы, выросла с 1,3 до 12,0%. Доля успешного лечения новых случаев туберкулеза у детей в разные годы изменялась от 93,2 до 96,6%. У детей, зарегистрированных в 2016-2018 гг., успешное лечение отмечалось у 95,7% новых случаев туберкулеза с отрицательной или недокументированной микроскопией мокроты, у 87,8% ‒ с положительной микроскопией и лишь у 83,3% детей с рецидивом туберкулеза. В период с 2015 по 2018 г. отмечался рост доли детей с неудачей лечения с 0,6 до 1,5%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В России, по сравнению с другими странами, отмечается высокая доля успешного лечения больных туберкулезом детей, что может быть связано с активным их выявлением. Тем не менее имеются дефекты тестирования лекарственной устойчивости возбудителя у источников туберкулезной инфекции. Ожидается снижение результативности лечения детей, зарегистрированных в 2020 г., из-за более позднего выявления по причине пандемии COVID-19. Распространение ВИЧ-инфекции, в том числе среди детей, создает угрозу повышения летальности больных туберкулезом детей. Для снижения доли неблагоприятных исходов следует рассмотреть вопрос о лечении больных туберкулезом детей 0-14 лет на базе федеральных центров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The objective of the study: to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes in children of 0-14 years old following up changes over the time Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of tuberculosis outcomes in 15,794 children of 0-14 years old was performed, those children were registered for treatment from 2011 to 2018.</p><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The percentage of children switched to MDR regimens increased from 1.3% to 12.0%. The rate of successful treatment of new TB cases in children varied from 93.2% to 96.6% in diﬀerent years. In children registered for treatment in 2016-2018, 95.7% of new cases with negative or undocumented sputum smear microscopy, 87.8% with positive sputum smear microscopy, and only 83.3% of children with TB relapse were successfully treated. From 2015 to 2018, the percentage of children with treatment failures increased from 0.6% to 1.5%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Compared to other countries, Russia has a high rate of successful treatment in children with tuberculosis which may be due to their active detection. Nevertheless, there are certain defects in drug susceptibility testing of index cases. Treatment outcomes for children registered in 2020 are expected to be less favorable because of later detection due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The spread of HIV infection among children as well poses a threat of increased mortality in children ill with tuberculosis. To reduce the level of unfavorable outcomes, it is necessary to consider the treatment of children at the age of 0-14 years old ill with tuberculosis in federal centers.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез у детей</kwd><kwd>исходы лечения туберкулеза у детей</kwd><kwd>туберкулез с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью у детей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis in children</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis treatment outcomes in children</kwd><kwd>multiple drug resistant tuberculosis in children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова В. А., Барышникова Л. А., Клевно Н. И., Кудлай Д. А. 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