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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21292/2075-1230-2022-100-1-26-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1603</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние активного выявления случаев туберкулеза на клиническую структуру и тяжесть туберкулеза у детей школьного возраста (7-15 лет)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of Active Case Finding on Clinical Structure and Severity of Tuberculosis in School-Aged Children (7-15 Years Old)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8555-6291</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аksenova</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аксенова Валентина Александровна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела детско-подросткового туберкулеза</p><p>SPIN-код: 2776-5450</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Aksenova - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Children and Adolescents Tuberculosis Department</p><p>SPIN-code: 2776-5450</p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.a.aksenova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordina</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гордина Александра Вадимовна - главный специалист Федерального центра мониторинга противодействия распространению туберкулеза в Российской Федерации</p><p>127254, Москва, ул. Добролюбова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra V. Gordina - Chief Specialist of Federal Monitoring Center for Prevention of Tuberculosis Transmission in the Russian Federation</p><p>11, Dobrolyubova St., Moscow, 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gordina.al@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-8055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стерликов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sterlikov</surname><given-names>S. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стерликов Сергей Александрович - доктор медицинских наук, заместитель руководителя Федерального центра мониторинга противодействия распространению туберкулеза в Российской Федерации по программному мониторингу</p><p>SPIN-код: 8672-4853</p><p>127254, Москва, ул. Добролюбова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Sterlikov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Deputy Head of Federal Monitoring Center for Prevention of Tuberculosis Transmission in the Russian Federation for Program Monitoring</p><p>SPIN-code: 8672-4853</p><p>11, Dobrolyubova St., Moscow, 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sterlikov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-4467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудлай</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudlay</surname><given-names>D. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудлай Дмитрий Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фармакологии Института фармации</p><p>SPIN-код: 4129-7880</p><p>AuthorID: 921055</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Kudlay - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Science Institute</p><p>SPIN-code: 4129-7880</p><p>AuthorID: 921055</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">D624254@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучерявая</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucheryavaya</surname><given-names>D. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кучерявая Дарья Александровна - главный специалист Федерального центра мониторинга противодействия распространению туберкулеза в РФ</p><p>127254, Москва, ул. Добролюбова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya A. Kucheryavaya - Chief Specialist of Federal Monitoring Center for Prevention of Tuberculosis Transmission in the Russian Federation</p><p>11, Dobrolyubova St., Moscow, 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koekoedaria@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-8958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Докторова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doktorova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Докторова Наталья Петровна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник научного отдела дифференциальной диагностики и лечения туберкулеза и сочетанных инфекций</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 21733662400</p><p>SPIN-код: 5791-6542</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya P. Doktorova - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Researcher of Research Department of Differential  Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis and Concurrent Infections</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 21733662400</p><p>SPIN-code: 5791-6542</p><p>Build. 2, 4, Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drndok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова МЗ РФ (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центральный НИИ организации и информатизации здравоохранения» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова МЗ РФ (Сеченовский Университет); ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр ‟"Институт иммунологии"» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Immunology Research Institute by the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аксенова В.А., Гордина А.В., Стерликов С.А., Кудлай Д.А., Кучерявая Д.А., Докторова Н.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аксенова В.А., Гордина А.В., Стерликов С.А., Кудлай Д.А., Кучерявая Д.А., Докторова Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Аksenova V.А., Gordina А.V., Sterlikov S.А., Kudlay D.А., Kucheryavaya D.А., Doktorova N.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1603">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1603</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: оценить влияние активного выявления туберкулеза у детей 7-15 лет на клиническую структуру туберкулеза и эпидемическую опасность выявленных пациентов.Материалы и методы: 1 679 детей в возрасте 7-15 лет, больных туберкулезом.Результат. Установлено, что при активном выявлении случаев туберкулеза по сравнению с выявлением при обращении за медицинской помощью отмечаются: 9-кратное снижение риска диссеминированного и генерализованного туберкулеза; снижение в 4,5 раза риска развития эпидемически опасных случаев туберкулеза; 6-кратное снижение риска развития деструктивных форм туберкулеза легких. Случаи внелегочного туберкулеза чаще выявлялись при обращении за медицинской помощью.Таким образом, принятая в России стратегия активного выявления туберкулеза у детей приводит к значимым результатам: предотвращению распространения туберкулезной инфекции в детском коллективе и снижению доли тяжелых форм туберкулеза, создающих риск инвалидности и смерти от него.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The objective: to evaluate the impact of active case finding in children 7-15 years old on the clinical structure of tuberculosis and epidemic risk of detected patients.Subjects and Methods: 1,679 children aged 7-15 ill with tuberculosis.Result. The following has been observed in active case finding of tuberculosis versus tuberculosis detection when the patient is seeking medical care: A 9-fold reduction in the risk of disseminated and generalized tuberculosis; a 4.5-fold reduction in the risk of epidemically dangerous cases of tuberculosis; a 6-fold reduction in the risk of destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis were more frequently detected when patients were seeking medical care.Thus, the strategy adopted in Russia for active tuberculosis detection in children leads to significant results: preventing the spread of tuberculous infection in children's communities and reducing the proportion of severe forms of tuberculosis that create the risk of disability and death from tuberculosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез у детей</kwd><kwd>активное выявление туберкулеза</kwd><kwd>выявление туберкулеза у детей</kwd><kwd>периодические осмотры с целью выявления туберкулеза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis in children</kwd><kwd>active tuberculosis detection</kwd><kwd>detection of tuberculosis in children</kwd><kwd>regular screening for tuberculosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова В. 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