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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58838/2075-1230-2023-101-1-28-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1705</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность и спектр мутаций в генах, ассоциированных с лекарственной устойчивостью M. tuberculosis к изониазиду и рифампицину, у пациентов с разными клиническими проявлениями туберкулеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence and Patterns of Gene Mutations Associated with M. tuberculosis Resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin in Patients with Different Clinical Manifestations of Tuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салина</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salina</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салина Татьяна Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры фтизиатрии</p><p>410012, г. Саратов, ул. Б. Казачья, д. 112Тел.: +7 (8452) 26-56-08</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Yu. Salina, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of Phthisiology Department</p><p>112, B. Kazachya St., Saratov, 410012Phone: +7 (8452) 26-56-08</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">meduniv@sgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозова Татьяна Ивановна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой фтизиатрии ИДПО</p><p>410012, г. Саратов, ул. Б. Казачья, д. 112Тел./факс: +7 (8452) 26-16-90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana I. Morozova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Phthisiology Department with Professional Development Training</p><p>112, B. Kazachya St., Saratov, 410012Phone/Fax: +7 (8452) 26-16-90</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dispans@san.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В. И. Разумовского» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салина Т.Ю., Морозова Т.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салина Т.Ю., Морозова Т.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salina T.Y., Morozova T.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1705">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1705</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить распространенность и спектр мутаций в генах katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB, ассоциированных с лекарственной устойчивостью Mycobacterium tuberculosis (МБТ) к изониазиду (H) и рифампицину (R), у больных с разными клиническими проявлениями туберкулеза легких (ТБ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Методом биологических микрочипов исследован 441 образец мокроты, полученный от больных ТБ. Исследования проводили в 1-й группе – больные с подтвержденным бактериовыделением (n = 256) и во 2-й группе (n = 185) – больные без бактериовыделения. Из тех же пациентов составлена 3-я группа – больные остропрогрессирующим ТБ (n = 52) и 4-я группа (n = 99) – больные с ограниченным ТБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 1-й группе ДНК МБТ обнаружена у 79,3% пациентов, во 2-й группе – у 57,8%. Среди всех образцов мутации в генах, кодирующих лекарственную устойчивость (ЛУ) к Н, выявлены у 15,5%, МЛУ/R – у 58,1%. ЛУ к Н чаще была обусловлена мутациями в гене katG (49%) по сравнению с генами inhA (29%) и ahpC (4,2%). Обнаружено 13 наиболее распространенных видов мутаций в гене rpoB, ассоциированных с ЛУ к R. Доминирующими мутациями в обеих группах были мутации Seu531-&gt;Leu – 19,7% в 1-й группе и 24,3% во 2-й группе. В 4-й группе чаще наблюдались мутации в гене katG (53,7%) по сравнению с мутациями в гене inhA (27,7%). В 3-й группе мутации в гене katG зарегистрированы в 30,8%, в гене inhA – в 25%. Статистически значимых различий в спектре мутаций в генах katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB между группами 1-й, 2-й и 3-й, 4-й не выявлено. Таким образом, пациенты без бактериовыделения и пациенты с ограниченным ТБ представляют собой скрытый опасный «резервуар» МБТ с МЛУ/R и ЛУ к H.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to study prevalence and patterns of mutations in the katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB genes associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) resistance to isoniazid (H) and rifampicin (R) in patients with various clinical manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and Methods</title><p>Subjects and Methods. 441 sputum samples collected in tuberculosis patients were tested using biological microchips. Tests were carried out in Group 1 - patients with confirmed bacterial excretion (n = 256) and in Group 2 (n = 185) - patients without bacterial excretion. The same patients were enrolled in Group 3 - patients with acute progressing tuberculosis (n = 52) and Group 4 (n = 99) - patients with localized tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In Group 1, DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was found in 79.3% of patients, in Group 2 - in 57.8%. Among all samples, mutations in the genes encoding resistance to isoniazid were detected in 15.5%, resistance to rifampicin - in 58.1%. Resistance to isoniazid was more often caused by mutations in the katG gene (49%) versus the inhA (29%) and ahpC (4.2%) genes. We found 13 most common types of mutations in the rpoB gene associated with resistance to rifampicin. The dominant mutations in both groups were Seu531-&gt;Leu mutations - 19.7% in Group 1 and 24.3% in Group 2. In Group 1, mutations in the katG gene (53.7%) were observed more often than mutations in the inhA gene (27.7%). In Group 3, mutations in the katG gene were registered in 30.8%, in the inhA gene - in 25%. There were no statistically significant differences in patterns of mutations in the katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB genes between Groups 1, 2 and 3, 4. Thus, patients without bacterial excretion and patients with localized tuberculosis are a hidden dangerous reservoir of tuberculous mycobacteria with multiple drug resistance to rifampicin and drug resistance to isoniazid.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>биочип</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>drug resistance</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd><kwd>biochips</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурмистрова И. А., Самойлова А. Г., Тюлькова Т. Е., Ваниев Э. В., Баласаянц Г. С., Васильева И. А. 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