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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58838/2075-1230-2023-101-3-27-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1728</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная молекулярно-генетическая характеристика культур Mycobacterium tuberculosis,   выделенных в Европейской части Российской Федерации  в 1998–2003 гг. и 2016–2021 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Molecular Genetic Characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cultures Isolated in the European Part of the Russian Federation in 1998–2003  and 2016–2021</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреевская</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreevskaya</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреевская Софья Николаевна, Кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела микробиологии  </p><p>107564, г. Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sophya N. Andreevskaya, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher of Microbiology Department  </p><p>2, Yauzskaya Alleya, Moscow, 107564 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andsofia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларионова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ларионова Елена Евгеньевна, Кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией микробиологической диагностики туберкулеза отдела микробиологии  </p><p>107564, г. Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena E. Larionova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Laboratory for Microbiological Diagnostics of Tuberculosis, Microbiology Department </p><p>2, Yauzskaya Alleya, Moscow, 107564 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larionova_lena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселева Екатерина Андреевна, Лаборант-исследователь отдела микробиологии </p><p>107564, г. Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Kiseleva, Laboratory Researcher of Microbiology Department</p><p>2, Yauzskaya Alleya, Moscow, 107564 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterinka_kiseleva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черноусова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernousova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черноусова Лариса Николаевна, Доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующая лабораторией молекулярно-генетических методов исследования отдела микробиологии  </p><p>107564, г. Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa N. Chernousova, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, Department of Microbiology </p><p>2, Yauzskaya Alleya, Moscow, 107564 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lchernousova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эргешов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ergeshov</surname><given-names>A. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эргешов Атаджан Эргешович, Член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор, профессор кафедры фтизиатрии и пульмонологии</p><p>107564, г. Москва, Яузская аллея, д. 2</p><p>Тел.: +7 (499) 785-90-91 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Atadzhan Е. Ergeshov, Correspondent Member of RAS, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director, Professor of Phthisiology and Pulmonology Department</p><p>2, Yauzskaya Alleya, Moscow, 107564 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cniit@ctri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Central Tuberculosis Research Institute<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза»; ФГБУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А. И. Евдокимова» МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Central Tuberculosis Research Institute; A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андреевская С.Н., Ларионова Е.Е., Киселева Е.А., Черноусова Л.Н., Эргешов А.Э., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андреевская С.Н., Ларионова Е.Е., Киселева Е.А., Черноусова Л.Н., Эргешов А.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andreevskaya S.N., Larionova E.E., Kiseleva E.A., Chernousova L.N., Ergeshov A.Е.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1728">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1728</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить динамику частоты выявления МБТ основных филогенетических линий с различными генетическими детерминантами устойчивости к рифампицину, изониазиду и фторхинолонам в периоды 1998–2003 гг. и 2016–2021 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовано 965 культур микобактерий, выделенных от больных туберкулезом легких в 1998–2003 гг. и 2016–2021 гг. Определены сполиготипы выделенных культур МБТ и наличие мутаций в генах, ассоциированных с устойчивостью к изониазиду, рифампицину и фторхинолонам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 2016–2021 гг. по сравнению с 1998–2003 гг. повысилась частота встречаемости МБТ Пекинской сублинии с 50,72% до 64,60%. В рамках Евро-Американской линии снизилась частота выявления МБТ сублинии LAM9 (с 40,00% до 14,81%) с повышением частоты выявления МБТ сублинии T1 (с 27,11% до 41,36%). Произошел отбор МБТ с МЛУ-генотипом rpoB531_Ser-&gt;Leu + katG315_Ser-&gt;Thr [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. МБТ с генотипической устойчивостью к фторхинолонам были выявлены только в культурах 2016–2021 гг., причем МБТ с преШЛУ-генотипом достоверно чаще встречались у МБТ Пекинской сублинии по сравнению с МБТ Евро-Американской линии (21,67% против 3,73%, p&lt;0,05).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p> The objective: to evaluate changes in detection frequency of Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the main phylogenetic lines with various genetic determinants of resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid and fluoroquinolones in 1998–2003 and 2016–2021.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and Methods</title><p>Subjects and Methods. 965 mycobacterial cultures were studied, those cultures were isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in 1998–2003 and 2016–2021. The spoligotypes of isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures and presence of gene mutations associated with resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, and fluoroquinolones were determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In 2016–2021 versus 1998–2003, the incidence of Beijing subline increased from 50,72% to 64,60%. Within Euro-American line, the detection frequency of subline LAM9 decreased (from 40,00% to 14,81%), while the detection frequency of subline</p><p>T1 increased (from 27,11% to 41,36%). Mycobacterium tuberculosis with MDR genotype rpoB531_Ser-&gt;Leu + katG315_Ser-&gt; Thr [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>] was selected. Mycobacterium tuberculosis with genotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones was detected only in cultures of 2016–2021, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis with preXDR genotype was significantly more common in Beijing subline compared to Euro-American line (21,67% vs. 3,73%, p &lt;0,05).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микобактерии туберкулеза</kwd><kwd>филогенетические линии</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>сполиготипирование</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic lines</kwd><kwd>drug resistance</kwd><kwd>spoligotyping</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреевская С. Н., Черноусова Л. Н., Земскова З. С., Ларионова Е. Е., Смирнова Т. Г. 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