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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58838/2075-1230-2023-101-6-56-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1780</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Уроки пандемии COVID-19: моделирование эпидемической  ситуации по туберкулезу в зависимости от охвата скринингом населения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Simulation of the Tuberculosis Epidemic as a Function of Population Coverage with Screening</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9023-6986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старшинова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starshinova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старшинова Анна Андреевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры факультетской терапии, начальник Управления научными исследованиями</p><p>197341, г. Cанкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p><p>Тел.: +7 (905) 204-38-61  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Starshinova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Faculty Therapy Department, Head of Research Management Directorate</p><p>2 Akkuratova St., St. Health, St., 197341</p><p>Phone: +7 (905) 204-38-61</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">starshinova_777@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8383-8519</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Довгалюк</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dovgalyuk</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Довгалюк Ирина Федоровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель направления «Фтизиопедиатрия» </p><p>191036, г. Cанкт-Петербург, Лиговский пр., 2-4 </p><p>Тел.: +7 (812) 297-22-63 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina F. Dovgalyuk, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, Head of Phthisiopediatrics Direction</p><p>2-4, Ligovsky Ave., St. Petersburg, 191036 </p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 297-22-63</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prdovgaluk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-3917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипов</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipov</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипов Николай Николаевич, Кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник, научный сотрудник ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</p><p>191023, г. Санкт-Петербург, наб. р. Фонтанки, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay N. Osipov, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Researcher, St. Petersburg University</p><p>27, Nab. Reki Fontanki, St. Petersburg, 191023 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nicknick@pdmi.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-4467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудлай</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudlay</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудлай Дмитрий Анатольевич, член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фармакологии Института фармации. Ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории персонализированной медицины и молекулярной иммунологии № 71 ФГБУ «ГНЦ Институт иммунологии»</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2 </p><p>Scopus AuthorID: 5717034 П</p><p>Тел.: +7 (985) 761-02-37</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Kudlay, Correspondent Member of RAS, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Science Institute. Leading Researcher of Laboratory of Personalized Medicine and Molecular Immunology no. 71, Immunology Research Institute </p><p>8 Bd. 2, Trubetskaya St., Russia Moscow, 119991</p><p>Phone: +7 (985) 761-02-37</p><p>Scopus AuthorID: 5717034 П</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">D624254@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Russian Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Санкт-Петербургское отделение Математического института им. В. А. Стеклова» РАН; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Department of Steklov Mathematical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)» МЗ РФ; ФГБУ «ГНЦ Институт иммунологии» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Ministry of Health; Immunology Research Institute by the Russian Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Старшинова А.А., Довгалюк И.Ф., Осипов Н.Н., Кудлай Д.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Старшинова А.А., Довгалюк И.Ф., Осипов Н.Н., Кудлай Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Starshinova A.A., Dovgalyuk I.F., Osipov N.N., Kudlay D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1780">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1780</self-uri><abstract><p>Пандемия COVID-19 привела во всех странах мира к прекращению действия многих программ, направленных на поддержку больных туберкулезом, к снижению охвата скринингом населения для выявления туберкулеза.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: построить модель, описывающую распространение туберкулеза в зависимости от охвата населения профилактическими осмотрами, получить с ее помощью долговременный прогноз распространения инфекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ официальных данных статистики о заболеваемости, смертности, охвате профилактическим обследованием (ОПО) населения и распространенности туберкулеза с бактериовыделением (РТББ) в Российской Федерации за период с 2008 по 2021 гг. Искомую модель удалось получить благодаря флуктуации указанных показателей в 2020 г., когда из-за пандемии COVID-19 произошло резкое сокращение объема мероприятий, направленных на борьбу с туберкулезом. Статистический анализ проводился с использованием программной среды R (v.4.2.1).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Получена простая математическая модель, описывающая зависимость заболеваемости и РТББ в текущем году от РТББ в прошлом году и ОПО населения в текущем и прошедшем году. Скорректированный коэффициент детерминации модели (adjusted R-squared) составил 0.9969, значит, модель почти не содержит случайных составляющих. С ее помощью показано, что случаи туберкулеза, пропущенные из-за низкого ОПО, в будущем приводят к распространению туберкулезной инфекции и существенному увеличению числа новых случаев туберкулеза. Сравнение прогнозируемых показателей и данных за 2022 г. показало, что модели сформированы корректно. При этом прогнозируемые показатели были несколько выше реальных за 2022 г. за счет влияния иных факторов, кроме ОПО населения на туберкулез.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Полученные данные демонстрируют необходимость проведения массового скрининга населения в условиях значительного распространения туберкулезной инфекции, чтобы своевременно выявлять больных туберкулезом с бактериовыделением.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the discontinuation of many support programs for tuberculosis patients worldwide, and lower coverage of population with screening for tuberculosis.</p><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: To build a model describing the spread of tuberculosis depending on the population coverage with preventive screening, and to obtain a long-term forecast of the infection spread using this model.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and Methods</title><p>Subjects and Methods. We analyzed official statistical data on incidence, mortality, preventive screening coverage (PSC), and revalence of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in the Russian Federation from 2008 to 2021. The model was built up based on fluctuations in those rates in 2020, when there was a sharp reduction in tuberculosis control interventions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Statistical analysis was performed using the R Software (v.4.2.1).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A simple mathematical model describing the dependence of incidence and sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in the current year on sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in the past year and population coverage with preventive screening in the current and past years was built up. The adjusted coefficient of determination of the model (adjusted R-squared) was 0.9969, which meant that the model contained almost no random components. It showed that tuberculosis cases missed due to low population coverage with preventive screening lead to future spread of tuberculous infection and a significant increase in the number of new tuberculosis cases. Comparison of projected rates and data for 2022 demontrated correct formation of models. However, the projected rates were slightly higher than the actual rates for 2022 due to the influence of factors other than the population coverage with preventive screening for tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The findings demonstrate the need for mass screening of the population in the context of significant spread of tuberculosis infection for timely detection of patients with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>скриниг на туберкулез</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>распространенность бактериовыделения</kwd><kwd>математическая модель</kwd><kwd>динамическая система</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis screening</kwd><kwd>incidence</kwd><kwd>prevalence of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>mathematical model</kwd><kwd>dynamic system</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Расчеты выполнены при поддержке гранта Правительства Российской Федерации для государственной поддержки научных исследований, выполненных под руководством ведущих ученых, соглашение № 075-15-2021-602</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The calculations were supported by the grant of the Government of the Russian Federation for state  support of scientific research carried out under the guidance of leading scientists, Agreement No. 075-15-2021-602.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова В.А., Барышникова Л.А., Клевно Н.И., Кудлай Д.А. 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