<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58838/2075-1230-2024-102-6-90-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1855</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности микробиоты нижних отделов респираторного тракта у пациентов с различными формами туберкулеза легких по данным исследования микробных маркеров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Specific Microbiota of the Lower Respiratory Tract in Patients with Various Forms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis according to Microbial Marker Testing Data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умпелева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umpeleva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Умпелева Татьяна Валерьевна - к. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник отдела микробиологии и доклинических исследований</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Umpeleva - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of Department of Microbiology and Preclinical Studies</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tumpeleva@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быстрова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bystrova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быстрова Ольга Витальевна - к. х. н., ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 58, стр. 3</p><p>Тел: + 7 (499) 490-12-64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Bystrova - Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>58, Build. 3, Schepkina St., Moscow 129110</p><p>Phone: + 7 (499) 490-12-64</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цвиренко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvirenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цвиренко Анна Сергеевна - врач-эндоскопист</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Tsvirenko - Endoscopist</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saveliev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савельев Александр Владимирович - к. м. н., заведующий отделением лучевой диагностики, врач-ренгенолог</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Saveliev - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of X-Ray Diagnosis Department, Radiologist</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баженов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhenov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баженов Александр Викторович - к. м. н., врач-торакальный хирург</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Bazhenov - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Thoracic Surgeon</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кильдюшева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kildyusheva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кильдюшева Елена Ивановна - к. м. н., врач-фтизиатр</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Kildyusheva - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Phthisiologist</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Премыслева</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Premysleva</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Премыслева Глафира Евгеньевна - врач-фтизиатр</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Glaphira E. Premysleva - Phthisiologist</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скорняков</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skornyakov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скорняков Сергей Николаевич - д. м. н., профессор, заведующий научно-клиническим отделом</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Skornyakov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Research Clinical Department</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахрушева</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakhrusheva</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вахрушева Диана Владимировна - к. б. н., заведующая научным отделом микробиологии и доклинических исследований</p><p>620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50</p><p>Тел: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana V. Vakhrusheva - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Research Department of Microbiology and Preclinical Studies</p><p>50, XXII Parts"ezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039</p><p>Phone: + 7 (343) 333-44-59</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Уральский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии - филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ФПИ» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ural Phthisiopulmonology Research Institute – a Branch of National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Russian Ministry of Health<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО «Лаборатория Евротест»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">OOO Laboratoriya Evrotest<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Умпелева Т.В., Быстрова О.В., Цвиренко А.С., Савельев А.В., Баженов А.В., Кильдюшева Е.И., Премыслева Г.Е., Скорняков С.Н., Вахрушева Д.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Умпелева Т.В., Быстрова О.В., Цвиренко А.С., Савельев А.В., Баженов А.В., Кильдюшева Е.И., Премыслева Г.Е., Скорняков С.Н., Вахрушева Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Umpeleva T.V., Bystrova O.V., Tsvirenko A.S., Saveliev A.V., Bazhenov A.V., Kildyusheva E.I., Premysleva G.E., Skornyakov S.N., Vakhrusheva D.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1855">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1855</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: выявить различия в составе микробных маркеров, детектируемых технологией МСММ, в образцах бронхиальных смывов у пациентов с разными клинико-рентгенологическими вариантами течения туберкулеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучены особенности микробиоты нижних отделов респираторного тракта у пациентов с различными формами туберкулеза легких, получающих противотуберкулезную терапию.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. С использованием технологии масс-спектрометрии микробных маркеров были исследованы бронхиальные смывы, полученные из доли легкого с патологическими изменениями, и из другого легкого без патологии, что выбирали по данным компьютерной томографии. Выявлено наличие обратной корреляции высокой степени между количеством маркеров двух групп микроорганизмов: группы 1 (Clostridium ramosum + Corynebacterium spp. + Streptomyces spp.) и группы 2 (Eubacterium spp. + Eggerthella lenta + Lactobacillus spp. + Propionibacterium freudenreichii + Actinomyces viscosu + Prevotella spp. + Rhodococcus spp.). Установлено, что при доминировании микроорганизмов группы 2 бронхиальные смывы в 58,8% были получены из зоны поражения фиброзно-кавернозным туберкулезом. При доминировании микроорганизмов группы 1 бронхиальные смывы были получены из участков рассасывания инфильтративного туберкулеза (13,3%) или из участков без патологических изменений (46,6%).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to identify diﬀerences in the composition of microbial markers detected by mass spectrometry of microbial markers in specimens of bronchial washings from patients with diﬀerent clinical and radiological forms of tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and Methods</title><p>Subjects and Methods. Speciﬁc features of microbiota of the lower respiratory tract in patients with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis receiving anti-tuberculosis therapy were studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Using mass spectrometry of microbial markers we studied bronchial washings obtained from the lung lobe with pathological changes and from another lung without pathology, which were selected according to computed tomography data. A high degree of inverse correlation was revealed between the number of markers of two groups of microorganisms: Group 1 (Clostridium ramosum + Corynebacterium spp. + Streptomyces spp.) and Group 2 (Eubacterium spp. + Eggerthella lenta + Lactobacillus spp. + Propionibacterium freudenreichii + Actinomyces viscosu + Prevotella spp. + Rhodococcus spp.). It was found that when Group 2 microorganisms predominated, bronchial washings in 58.8% were obtained from ﬁbrotic cavernous tuberculosis lesions. When Group 1 microorganisms predominated, bronchial washings were obtained from sites of resolving inﬁltrative tuberculosis (13.3%) or sites without pathological changes (46.6%).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез легких</kwd><kwd>микробиота легких</kwd><kwd>микробные маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pulmonary tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>lung microbiota</kwd><kwd>microbial markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильева И.А., Стерликов С.А., Тестов В.В., Михайлова Ю.В., Обухова О.В. Отраслевые и экономические показатели противотуберкулезной работы в 2021–2022 гг. Статистические материалы, 2023. – 59 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva I.A., Sterlikov S.A., Testov V.V., Mikhaylova Yu.V., Obukhova O.V. Otraslevye i ekonomicheskiye pokazateli protivotuberkulyoznoy raboty v 2021-2022 gg. Statisticheskiye Materialy. [Sectoral and economic rates of tuberculosis control in 2017-2018. Statistic materials]. 2023, 59 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Осипов Г.А., Зыбина Н.Н., Родионов Г.Г. Опыт применения масс-спектрометрии микробных маркеров в лабораторной диагностике // Медицинский алфавит. Современная лаборатория. – 2013. – №1. – С. 64-67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipov G.A., Zybina N.N., Rodionov G.G. Experience in the use of mass spectrometry of microbial markers in laboratory diagnostics. Meditsinsky Alfavit, Sovremennaya Laboratoriya, 2013, no. 1, pp. 64-67. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Осипов Г.А., Бойко Н.Б., Новикова В.П., Гриневич В.Б., Федосова Н.Ф., Цех О.М. Методика масс-спектрометрии микробных маркеров как способ оценки пристеночной кишечной микробиоты при заболеваниях органов пищеварения: учебно-методическое пособие. Санкт-Петербург, 2013. – 96 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipov G.A., Boyko N.B., Novikova V.P., Grinevich V.B., Fedosova N.F., TsekhO.M. Metodika mass-spektrometrii mikrobnykh markerov kak sposob otsenki pristenochnoy kishechnoy mikrobioty pri zabolevaniyakh organov pishchevareniya: uchebno-metodicheskoye posobiye. [Methods of mass spectrometry of microbial markers as a way to assess the parietal intestinal microbiota in diseases of the digestive system: educational and methodological manual]. St. Petersburg, 2013, 96 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cuozzo S., A. de Moreno de LeBlanc, LeBlanc J. G., Hoffmann N., Tortella G. R.. Streptomyces genus as a source of probiotics and its potential for its use in health // Microbiological Research. – 2023. – № 266. – Р.127248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2022.127248</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cuozzo S., A. de Moreno de LeBlanc, LeBlanc J.G., Hoffmann N., Tortella G. R. Streptomyces genus as a source of probiotics and its potential for its use in health. Microbiological Research, 2023, no. 266, pp. 127248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2022.127248</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gardiner B.J., Tai A.Y., Kotsanas D., Francis M.J., Roberts S.A., Ballard S.A., Junckerstorff R. K., Kormana T. M. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Eggerthella lenta bacteremia // Journal of Clinical Microbiology. – 2015. – Vol. 53, № 2. – P. 626–635. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02926-14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gardiner B.J., Tai A.Y., Kotsanas D., Francis M.J., Roberts S.A., Ballard S.A., Junckerstorff R.K., Kormana T.M. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Eggerthella lenta bacteremia. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2015, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 626-635. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02926-14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guohui X., Zhao C., Qinglong G., Taosheng Y., Yimin T., Peikun G., Juanjuan Zh., Min O., Xiangdong F., Lili R., Minfei Y., Zhaoqin W., Lei L., Liang Y. Insights into the unique lung microbiota profile of pulmonary tuberculosis patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing // Microbiol Spectr. – 2022. – Vol. 10, № 1. – Р. 1-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guohui X., Zhao C., Qinglong G., Taosheng Y., Yimin T., Peikun G., Juanjuan Zh., Min O., Xiangdong F., Lili R., Minfei Y., Zhaoqin W., Lei L., Liang Y. Insights into the unique lung microbiota profile of pulmonary tuberculosis patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Microbiol. Spectr., 2022, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horn K.J., Schopper M.A., Drigot Z.G., Clark S.E. Airway Prevotella promote TLR2-dependent neutrophil activation and rapid clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the lung // Nature Communications. – 2022. – Vol.13, № 1. – Р. 3321. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31074-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horn K.J., Schopper M.A., Drigot Z.G., Clark S.E. Airway Prevotella promote TLR2-dependent neutrophil activation and rapid clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the lung. Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 3321. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31074-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu Y., Cheng M., Liu B., Dong J., Sun L., Yang J., Yang F., Chen X., Jin Q. Metagenomic analysis of the lung microbiome in pulmonary tuberculosis – a Pilot Study // Emerging Microbes and Infections. – 2020. – Vol. 9, № 1. P.1444–1452. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1783188</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu Y., Cheng M., Liu B., Dong J., Sun L., Yang J., Yang F., Chen X., Jin Q. Metagenomic analysis of the lung microbiome in pulmonary tuberculosis– a pilot study. Emerging Microbes and Infections, 2020, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1444-1452. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1783188</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelly M.S., Plunkett C., Yu Y., Aquino J.N., Patel S.M., Hurst J.H., Young R.R., Smieja M., Steenhoff A.P., Arscott-Mills T., Feemster K.A., Boiditswe S., Leburu T., Mazhani T., Patel M.Z., Rawls J.F., Jawahar J., Shah S.S., Polage Ch. R., Cunningham C.K., Seed P.C. Non-diphtheriae Corynebacterium species are associated with decreased risk of pneumococcal colonization during infancy // ISME Journal. – 2022. – Vol. 16, № 3. – Р. 655–665. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-01108-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelly M.S., Plunkett C., Yu Y., Aquino J.N., Patel S.M., Hurst J.H., Young R.R., Smieja M., Steenhoff A.P., Arscott-Mills T., Feemster K.A., Boiditswe S., Leburu T., Mazhani T., Patel M.Z., Rawls J.F., Jawahar J., Shah S.S., Polage Ch.R., Cunningham C.K., Seed P.C. Non-diphtheriae Corynebacterium species are associated with decreased risk of pneumococcal colonization during infancy. ISME Journal, 2022, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 655-665. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-01108-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim S.R., Jung L.Y., Oh I.J., Kim Y. Ch., Shin K.Ch., Lee M.K., Yang S. H., Park H. S., Kim M..K., Kwak J.Y., Um S.J., Ra S. W., Kim W.J., Kim S., Choi E.G., Lee Y. Ch. Pulmonary actinomycosis during the first decade of 21st Century: Cases of 94 patients // BMC Infectious Diseases. – 2013. – № 13 – Р. 216. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-216</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim S.R., Jung L.Y., Oh I.J., Kim Y.Ch., Shin K.Ch., Lee M.K., Yang S.H., Park H.S., Kim MK., Kwak J.Y., Um S.J., Ra S.W., Kim W.J., Kim S., Choi E.G., Lee Y.Ch. Pulmonary actinomycosis during the first decade of 21st Century: cases of 94 patients. BMC Infectious Diseases, 2013, no. 13, pp. 216. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-216</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kradin R.L., Mark E.J. Pathology of pulmonary infection. In book: Diagnostic Pathology of Infectious Disease (pp.143-206). Second Edi. Elsevier Inc., 2018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kradin R.L., Mark E.J. Pathology of pulmonary infection. In book: Diagnostic Pathology of Infectious Disease. pp. 143-206. Second Edi. Elsevier Inc., 2018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krainyukov P.E., Moiseev D.N., Zhilenkova O.G., Kokorin V.V., Popov P.A., Kolodkin B.B., Kim D.Yu., Kondakov E.V. Use of microbial marker mass spectrometry method in etiological diagnostics of purulent-inflammatory hand diseases // Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical &amp; Surgical Center. – 2020.– Vol.15, № 4. – Р. 52-55. https://doi.org/10.25881/bpnmsc.2020.25.88.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krainyukov P.E., Moiseev D.N., Zhilenkova O.G., Kokorin V.V., Popov P.A., Kolodkin B.B., Kim D.Yu., Kondakov E.V. Use of microbial marker mass spectrometry method in etiological diagnostics of purulent-inflammatory hand diseases. Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical &amp; Surgical Center, 2020, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 52-55. https://doi.org/10.25881/bpnmsc.2020.25.88.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krishna P., Jain A., Bisen P. S. Microbiome diversity in the sputum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis // European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. – 2016. – Vol. 35, № 7. – P. 1205-1210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2654-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krishna P., Jain A., Bisen P.S. Microbiome diversity in the sputum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology &amp; Infectious Diseases, 2016, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 1205-1210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2654-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lagier J.Ch., Dubourg G., Million M., Cadoret F., Bilen M, Fenollar F., Levasseur A., Rolain J.M., Fournier P.E., Raoult D. Culturing the human microbiota and culturomics // Nature Reviews Microbiology. – 2018. – Vol. 16, № 9. – P. 540-550. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0041-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lagier J.Ch., Dubourg G., Million M., Cadoret F., Bilen M, Fenollar F., Levasseur A., Rolain J.M., Fournier P.E., Raoult D. Culturing the human microbiota and culturomics. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2018, vol. 16, no. 9, pp. 540-550. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0041-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leitao F., Sergio F., Peters C.M., Sheel A.W., Yang J., Nislow C., Lam S., Leung J.M., Sin D.D. Characterization of the lower airways and oral microbiota in healthy young persons in the community // Biomedicines. – 2023. – Vol. 11, № 3. – Р. 841. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030841</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leitao F., Sergio F., Peters C.M., Sheel A.W., Yang J., Nislow C., Lam S., Leung J.M., Sin D.D. Characterization of the lower airways and oral microbiota in healthy young persons in the community. Biomedicines, 2023, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 841. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030841</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Man, W.H., Wouter A. A., Piters D.S., Bogaert D. The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health // Nature Reviews Microbiology. – 2017.– Vol. 15, № 5. – P. 259–270. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Man W.H., Wouter A.A., Piters D.S., Bogaert D. The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2017, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 259-270. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milosavljevic M.N., Kostic M., Milovanovic J., Zaric R.Z., Stojadinovic M., Jankovic S.M., Stefanovic S.M. Antimicrobial treatment of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum invasive infections: a systematic review // Revista Do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo. – 2021. – № 63. – P. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163030</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milosavljevic M.N., Kostic M., Milovanovic J., Zaric R.Z., Stojadinovic M., Jankovic S.M., Stefanovic S.M. Antimicrobial treatment of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum invasive infections: a systematic review. Revista Do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, 2021, no. 63, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163030</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ugarte-Torres A., Gillrie M.R., Griener T.P., Church D.L. Eggerthella lenta bloodstream infections are associated with increased mortality following empiric piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) monotherapy: a population-based cohort study // Clinical Infectious Diseases. – 2018. – Vol. 67, № 2. – P. 221-228. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy057</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ugarte-Torres A., Gillrie M.R., Griener T.P., Church D.L. Eggerthella lenta bloodstream infections are associated with increased mortality following empiric piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) monotherapy: a population-based cohort study. Clinical Infection Diseases, 2018, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 221-228. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy057</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu J., Liu W., He L., Huang F., Chen J., Cui P., Shen Y., Zhao J., Wang W., Zhang Y., Zhu M., Zhang W., Zhang Y. Sputum microbiota associated with new, recurrent and treatment failure tuberculosis // PLoS ONE. – 2013. – Vol. 8, № 12. – P. 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083445</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu J., Liu W., He L., Huang F., Chen J., Cui P., Shen Y., Zhao J., Wang W., Zhang Y., Zhu M., Zhang W., Zhang Y. Sputum microbiota associated with new, recurrent and treatment failure tuberculosis. PLoS ONE, 2013, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083445</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu J., Koyanagi Y., Isogai E., Nakamura Sh. Effects of fermentation products of the commensal bacterium Clostridium ramosum on motility, intracellular pH, and flagellar synthesis of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli // Archives of Microbiology.– 2019. – Vol. 201, № 6. – Р. 841–846. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-019-01656-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu J., Koyanagi Y., Isogai E., Nakamura Sh. Effects of fermentation products of the commensal bacterium Clostridium ramosum on motility, intracellular pH, and flagellar synthesis of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Archives of Microbiology, 2019, vol. 201, no. 6, pp. 841-846. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-019-01656-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
