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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58838/2075-1230-2025-103-3-52-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1894</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Несостоятельность послеоперационной раны грудной клетки у пациентов с туберкулезом легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Thoracotomy Wound Dehiscence in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белов Сергей Анатольевич, к. м. н., торакальный хирург 4-го легочного хирургического отделения</p><p>690041, г. Владивосток, ул. Пятнадцатая, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Belov, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Thoracic Surgeon of Pulmonary Surgery Department no. 4</p><p>2 Pyatnadtsataya St., Vladivostok, 690041</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sur_belove@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорюк</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryuk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорюк Александр Анатольевич, к. м. н., хирург медицинского центра</p><p>690033, г. Владивосток, ул. Гамарника, д. 3Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Grigoryuk, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Surgeon, Medical Center</p><p>3B Gamarnika St., Vladivostok, 690033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aa_grig@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Приморский краевой противотуберкулезный диспансер»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Primorsky Regional TB Dispensary<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Медицинский центр «Асклепий»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Asclepius Medical Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белов С.А., Григорюк А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белов С.А., Григорюк А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belov S.A., Grigoryuk A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1894">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1894</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: установить причины возникновения несостоятельности торакотомической раны у пациентов, оперированных по поводу туберкулеза легких.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 960 ВИЧ-отрицательных пациентов, прооперированных по поводу туберкулеза легких с 2018 по 2023 гг. Торакотомия выполнена 851 пациенту, из них – у 285 (33,5±1,6%) был МЛУ/ШЛУ ТБ, торакопластика выполнена у 109 пациентов, среди них – у 58 (53,2±4,8%) был МЛУ/ШЛУ ТБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Из 960 прооперированных больных осложнение в виде несостоятельности торакотомной раны (НТТР) было зарегистрировано у 69 (7,2±0,8%), среди которых преобладали мужчины. Проведенное исследование не установило статистически значимой связи между частотой встречаемости НТТР и видом вмешательства, распространенностью специфического процесса, наличием сопутствующих заболеваний. Частота возникновения НТТР – самая высокая 39/61 (63,9±6,2%) была при торакотомии с недостаточным аэростазом, при торакопластике такого осложнения не было вообще. При отсутствии других послеоперационных осложнений статистически значимо чаще НТТР возникали при торакопластике, чем при торакотомии (4/8 (50±17,7%) против 9/61 (14,8±4,5%), p=0,017). У больных с НТТР установлено преобладание МЛУ/ШЛУ ТБ при обоих видах хирургических вмешательств (у 35/61 (57,4±6,3%)) при торакотомии и у 5/8 (62,5±17,1%) – при торакопластике, p&gt;0,05). При этом, ОШ развития НТТР оказалось выше у пациентов с МЛУ/ШЛУ ТБ (2,68; 95% ДИ 1,6-4,4; рχ2&lt;0,001).  </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to detect causes of thoracotomy wound dehiscence in the patients who underwent surgery for pulmonary tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and Methods</title><p>Subjects and Methods. 960 HIV-negative patients who underwent surgery for pulmonary tuberculosis from 2018 to 2023 were included in the study. Thoracotomy was performed in 851 patients, of whom 285 (33.5±1.6%) had MDR/XDR TB, and thoracoplasty was performed in 109 patients, of whom 58 (53.2±4.8%) had MDR/XDR TB.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Out of operated 960 patients, a complication such as thoracotomy wound dehiscence (TWD) was reported in 69 (7.2±0.8%) cases, among whom men prevailed. The study did not establish a statistically significant relationship between the incidence of TWD and the type of intervention, dissemination of the disease, or the presence of concomitant conditions. The incidence of TWD was the highest (39/61 (63.9±6.2%)) during thoracotomy with insufficient aerostasis; during thoracoplasty, there was no such complication at all. In the absence of other postoperative complications, TWD occurred statistically significantly more often during thoracoplasty than thoracotomy (4/8 (50±17.7%) versus 9/61 (14.8±4.5%), p=0.017). In patients with TWD, a predominance of MDR/XDR TB was established in both types of surgical interventions (in 35/61 (57.4±6.3%) during thoracotomy, 5/8 (62.5±17.1%) during thoracoplasty, p&gt;0.05). Moreover, the OR of developing TWD was higher in patients with MDR/XDR TB (2.68; 95% CI 1.6-4.4; pχ2&lt;0.001).  </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез легких</kwd><kwd>послеоперационное осложнение</kwd><kwd>несостоятельность раны</kwd><kwd>расхождение швов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pulmonary tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>postoperative complication</kwd><kwd>wound dehiscence</kwd><kwd>suture dehiscence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов С.А., Григорюк А.А. Цитокины в коллапсохирургии туберкулеза легких // Хирургия. Журнал им. Н.И. 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