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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58838/2075-1230-2025-103-5-8-14</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-1921</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ результатов тестирования лекарственной чувствительности M. tuberculosis среди случаев туберкулеза в России в 2023-2024 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Analysis of M. tuberculosis Drug Susceptibility Test Results among Tuberculosis Cases in Russia from 2023 to 2024</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0637-7955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Ирина Анатольевна - д. м. н, профессор, директор, заведующая кафедрой фтизиатрии ИКМ ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, к. 2</p><p>Тел. +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Vasilyeva - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director, Head of Phthisiology Department, Clinical Medicine Institute, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health.</p><p>Build. 2, 4 Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nmrc@nmrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тестов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Testov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тестов Вадим Витальевич - к. м. н., заместитель директора по организационно-методической работе.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, к. 2</p><p>Тел. +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Testov - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director for Statistics and Reporting.</p><p>Build. 2, 4 Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">testov.vadim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-8055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стерликов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sterlikov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стерликов Сергей Александрович - д. м. н., руководитель отдела эпидемиологии и мониторинга туберкулеза и ВИЧ-инфекции, доцент кафедры медицинской статистики и цифрового здравоохранения ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО МЗ РФ.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, к. 2</p><p>Тел. +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Sterlikov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of Department for Tuberculosis and HIV Epidemiology and Monitoring, Associate Professor of Department of Medical Statistics and Digital Health Care, Russian Medical Academy of On-going Professional Education, Russian Ministry of Health.</p><p>Build. 2, 4 Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sterlikov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9039-4557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисеев</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliseev</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елисеев Платон Иванович - к. м. н., заведующий научной лабораторией микробиологии.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, к. 2</p><p>Тел. +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Platon I. Eliseev - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Microbiology Research Laboratory.</p><p>Build. 2, 4 Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">EliseevPI@nmrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3912-679X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусева Валерия Александровна - руководитель центра телемедицины.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, к. 2</p><p>Тел. +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya A. Guseva - Head of Telemedicine Center.</p><p>Build. 2, 4 Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gusevava@nmrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6664-2425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецов Евгений Олегович - врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории клинической микробиологии.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, к. 2</p><p>Тел. +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy O. Kuznetsov - Physician of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory.</p><p>Build. 2, 4 Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medangar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6596-9777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самойлова Анастасия Геннадьевна - д. м. н., заместитель директора по научной работе.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, к. 2</p><p>Тел. +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya G. Samoylova - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director for Research.</p><p>Build. 2, 4 Dostoevskiy St., Moscow, 127473</p><p>Phone: +7 (495) 631-15-15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.samoilova.nmrc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Russian Ministry of Health; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Russian Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Russian Ministry of Health; Russian Medical Academy of On-going Professional Education, Russian Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева И.А., Тестов В.В., Стерликов С.А., Елисеев П.И., Гусева В.А., Кузнецов Е.О., Самойлова А.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева И.А., Тестов В.В., Стерликов С.А., Елисеев П.И., Гусева В.А., Кузнецов Е.О., Самойлова А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva I.A., Testov V.V., Sterlikov S.A., Eliseev P.I., Guseva V.A., Kuznetsov E.O., Samoylova A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1921">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1921</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить частоту выявления M. tuberculosis (МБТ) с устойчивостью к противотуберкулезным препаратам у больных туберкулезом с различной историей предыдущего лечения, определить охват тестированием на чувствительность МБТ к препаратам основного и резервного ряда в Российской Федерации за 2023-2024 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Анализ проведен на основе данных национальной статистики и мониторинга результатов микробиологической диагностики туберкулеза, собранных в регионах Российской Федерации. Для оценки частоты лекарственной устойчивости МБТ использовано тестирование к изониазиду, рифампицину, бедаквилину, линезолиду и фторхинолонам. Показатели рассчитаны в процентах от числа пациентов, прошедших тестирование и имеющих подтвержденную историю предыдущего лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 2024 г. в Российской Федерации зарегистрировано снижение числа впервые выявленных случаев туберкулеза (ТБ) на 9,4% по сравнению с 2023 г., при этом доля бактериологически подтвержденных случаев ТБ оставалась стабильной – 53%. Среди впервые выявленных случаев ТБ отмечено увеличение доли с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью МБТ (МЛУ МБТ) с 33,1% до 34,1% и доли с монорезистентностью МБТ к изониазиду – с 10,7% до 11,8%, при этом снизилась доля с монорезистентностью МБТ к рифампицину. При рецидивах туберкулеза сохранялась высокая доля туберкулеза с МЛУ МБТ (58,6%) и отмечено снижение доли случаев с устойчивостью МБТ к фторхинолонам с 35,3% в 2023 г. до 32,6% в 2024 г. Охват тестированием на препараты резервного ряда увеличился в 2024 г.: для бедаквилина – до 80,8%, для линезолида – до 81,2% при низком уровне резистентности МБТ к этим препаратам (&lt;7,5%).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to assess frequency of detection of M. tuberculosis resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs in tuberculosis patients with various histories of previous treatment, to determine the coverage with susceptibility testing to first-line and reserve drugs in the Russian Federation in 2023-2024.</p></sec><sec><title>Subjects and Methods</title><p>Subjects and Methods. The analysis was based on national statistical data and results of microbiological tuberculosis diagnosis collected in regions of the Russian Federation. Susceptibility testing for isoniazid, rifampicin, bedaquiline, linezolid, and fluoroquinolones was used to assess the prevalence of drug resistance. The rates were calculated as a percentage of patients who underwent the relevant testing and had a confirmed history of previous treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In 2024, the Russian Federation recorded a 9.4% decrease in the number of new tuberculosis cases compared to 2023, while the proportion of microbiologically confirmed cases remained stable at 53%. Among new cases, the proportion of tuberculosis with multidrug resistance (MDR) increased from 33.1% to 34.1%, as did the proportion of cases with monoresistance to isoniazid, which increased from 10.7% to 11.8%. Meanwhile, the monoresistance to rifampicin decreased. Among tuberculosis relapses, MDR-TB accounted for 58.6% of cases, while resistance to fluoroquinolones decreased from 35.3% in 2023 to 32.6% in 2024. Coverage with susceptibility testing to reserve drugs increased: up to 80.8% to bedaquiline and up to 81.2% to linezolid, with a low level of resistance to these drugs (&lt;7.5%).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>drug-resistance</kwd><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>multidrug resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Можокина Г.Н., Самойлова А.Г., Васильева И.А., Русских А.Е. 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