tibljТуберкулез и болезни легкихTuberculosis and Lung Diseases2075-12302542-1506Медицинские знания и технологии10.58838/2075-1230-2026-104-3-118-128tiblj-1979Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWСпектр возбудителей инфекций костей и суставов и их лекарственная устойчивость: обзор литературыPathogen Spectrum and Drug Resistance in Bone and Joints Infections: A Literature ReviewЛавренчукЛ. С.LavrenchukL. S.

Лавренчук Леонид Сергеевич, Младший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела микробиологии и доклинических исследований

620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50;

Тел. +7(343) 224-33-34

Leonid S. Lavrenchuk, Junior Researcher, Research Department of Microbiology and Preclinical Studies

50, XXII Partsyezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039;

Tel. +7 (343) 224-33-34

leon5d@list.ruВахрушеваД. В.VakhrushevaD. V.

Вахрушева Диана Владимировна, К. б. н., зав. научно-исследовательским отделом микробиологии и доклинических исследований 

620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50;

Тел. +7(343) 224-33-34

Diana V. Vakhrusheva, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Research Department of Microbiology and Preclinical Studies

50, XXII Partsyezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039;

Tel. +7 (343) 224-33-34

vakhrusheva2023@yandex.ruУмпелеваТ. В.UmpelevaT. V.

Умпелева Татьяна Валерьевна, К. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела микробиологии и доклинических исследований 

620039, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 22-го Партсъезда, д. 50;

Тел. +7(343) 224-33-34

Tatyana V. Umpeleva, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Research Department of Microbiology and Preclinical Studies

50, XXII Partsyezda St., Yekaterinburg, 620039;

Tel. +7 (343) 224-33-34

tumpeleva@yandex.ruУральский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ФПИ» Минздрава РоссииРоссияUral Phthisiopulmonology Research Institute – Branch of the National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2026160720261043118128Copyright © Лавренчук Л.С., Вахрушева Д.В., Умпелева Т.В., 20262026Лавренчук Л.С., Вахрушева Д.В., Умпелева Т.В.Lavrenchuk L.S., Vakhrusheva D.V., Umpeleva T.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1979

Установлено, что ведущими возбудителями ИКС остаются Staphylococcus aureus и коагулазонегативные стафилококки, прежде всего Staphylococcus epidermidis, особенно при имплант-ассоциированных инфекциях. Значительную роль играют грамотрицательные микроорганизмы, включая Pseudomonas aeruginosa, представителей Enterobacterales и полимикробные ассоциации. Отмечается рост распространенности метициллин-резистентных стафилококков, ESBL-продуцирующих и карбапенем-резистентных грамотрицательных бактерий, что существенно ограничивает возможности эмпирической антибактериальной терапии. Показано, что структура возбудителей ИКС и профили резистентности варьируют в зависимости от клинической формы инфекции, географического региона и применяемых диагностических подходов. В ряде регионов сохраняется высокая распространенность костно-суставного туберкулеза, обусловленного Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Данная патология характеризуется поздней диагностикой и частой лекарственной устойчивостью.

We reviewed the available literature on the spectrum of bone and joint infection (BJI) pathogens and their drug resistance. A systematic search of publications was performed in the international PubMed database and the Russian scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU for the period of 2006-2026. The review included 79 studies containing data on the microbiological structure of BJI pathogens and antibacterial drug resistance rates in osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infection, septic arthritis, and spondylodiscitis. The selection was performed in line with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

Results. Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci, primarily Staphylococcus epidermidis, remain the leading BJIs pathogens, particularly in implant-associated infections. Gram-negative microorganisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, members of the order Enterobacterales, and polymicrobial associations, also play a significant role. An increasing prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci, ESBL-producing, and carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria has been noted which substantially limits the options for empirical antibacterial therapy. The structure of BJI pathogens and their resistance profiles vary depending on the clinical forms of infection, geographical region, and diagnostic approach used. In some regions, a high prevalence of bone and joint tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis persists. This pathology is characterized by delayed diagnosis and high rates of drug resistance.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.