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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tiblj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Туберкулез и болезни легких</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-1230</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Медицинские знания и технологии</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tiblj-834</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические варианты и рецепторно-рефлекторные механизмы кашля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical variants and receptor reflex mechanisms of the cough</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil’eva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой терапии ИДПО,</p><p>394036, г. Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, д. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ludmilvasil@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н. Н. Бурденко» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Medical Academy named after N. N. Burdenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>94</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитин В.А., Васильева Л.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитин В.А., Васильева Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitin V.A., Vasil’eva L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/834">https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/834</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены современные данные о клинической трактовке кашля на основе анализа рецепторно-рефлекторных механизмов его возникновения. Рассмотрена роль легочных рецепторов SAR, RAR и С-волокон в формировании кашля. Описаны клинические варианты возникновения кашля как легочного, так и нелегочного происхождения. Лечение кашля должно проводиться только после установления диагноза. В развитых странах точная диагностика происхождения кашля составляет 25%, часто причиной кашля могут быть два заболевания и больше. Предложены варианты диагностического поиска причин при наличии кашля для оптимизации проводимой терапии. Лечение кашля должно быть направлено либо на подавление кашля, либо на облегчение экспекторации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents the current data of clinical understanding of the cough based on the analysis of receptor-reflex mechanisms of the cough development. The role of SAR, RAR pulmonary receptors and C-fibers has been investigated as regards the development of the cough. The clinical variants of the cough development both of pulmonary and extrapulmonary nature have been described. The cough is to be managed only after the diagnosis is definite. In the developed countries the accurate diagnostics of the cough nature makes 25%, often the cough can be caused by the two disorders and more. The variants for diagnostic search of the cough cause have been offered in order to optimize the therapy. The treatment of the cough is to be targeted at the suppression of cough or at the easement of expectoration.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кашель</kwd><kwd>клинические варианты</kwd><kwd>рецепторно-рефлекторные механизмы</kwd><kwd>рефлекторная дуга</kwd><kwd>кашлевой рефлекс</kwd><kwd>кашлевые рецепторы</kwd><kwd>этиотропная терапия</kwd><kwd>экспекторанты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cough</kwd><kwd>clinical variants</kwd><kwd>receptor-reflex mechanisms</kwd><kwd>reflex arch</kwd><kwd>cough reflex</kwd><kwd>cough receptors</kwd><kwd>causal treatment</kwd><kwd>expectorants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Березняков И. Г. Механизмы возникновения кашля // Новости медицины и фармации. - 2005. - № 20-22 (180-182). - С. 3-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bereznyakov I.G. Mechanisms of  cough development. 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