Contemporary aspects of tuberculosis in children without BCG vaccination
https://doi.org/10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-3-53-57
Abstract
The objective of the study: to analyze the changes in tuberculosis incidence among children not vaccinated with BCG taking into account clinical and epidemiological indicators.
Subjects and methods. The data of 66 children who were not vaccinated with BSG and developed tuberculosis were analyzed. The data were obtained from medical files of St. Petersburg TB Dispensary from 2006 to 2019 inclusive.
Results. From 2006 to 2019 in St. Petersburg, 66 children not vaccinated with BCG fell ill with tuberculosis, of them, 44 (66.7%) cases were detected in 2013-2019, and the major reason (22.7%) of the lack of BCG vaccination was the unmotivated refusal of parents.
The incidence of complicated course of tuberculosis in unvaccinated children made 45.4%. In the structure of medical contraindications to BCG vaccination, HIV infection was the most prevalent (58.2%), including both as prenatal exposure to the mother and HIV positive status of the child.
In 61.4% of cases, unvaccinated children who developed tuberculosis were exposed to adult tuberculosis patients.
The lethal outcome (for the period 2013-2019) was registered in 3/44 children, all under 1 year, all had a congenital pathology which made the cause of death.
About the Authors
M. N. Kondаkovа
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Marina N. Kondakova – Professor of Phthisiopulmonology and Thoracic Surgery Department.
47, Piskarevsky Ave., St. Petersburg, 195067.
A. N. Аgаfonovа
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alena S. Аgafonova – Student of the VIth year of Training, General Medicine Department.
47, Piskarevsky Ave., St. Petersburg, 195067.
O. P. Zаkhаrovа
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga P. Zakharova – Assistant of Phthisiopulmonology and Thoracic Surgery Department.
47, Piskarevsky Ave., St. Petersburg, 195067.
R. G. Kovаlevа
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Raisa G. Kovaleva – Assistant of Phthisiopulmonology and Thoracic Surgery Department.
47, Piskarevsky Ave., St. Petersburg, 195067.
A. V. Elkin
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleksey V. Elkin – Head of Phthisiopulmonology and Thoracic Surgery Department.
47, Piskarevsky Ave., St. Petersburg, 195067.
V. V. Khаbirov
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vitaly V. Khabirov – Senior Laboratory Specialist of Phthisiopulmonology and Thoracic Surgery Department.
47, Piskarevsky Ave., St. Petersburg, 195067.
References
1. Аksenova V.А., Baryshnikova L.А., Klevno N.I., Kudlay D.А. Current tuberculosis incidence in children, agents for the infection prevention and diagnostics. Biopreparaty. Profilaktika, Diagnostika, Lechenie, 2017, no. 3 (63), Epub., pp. 145-151. (In Russ.)
2. Аksenova V.А., Levi D.T., Аleksandrova N.V., Kudlay D.А., Baryshnikova L.А., Klevno N.I. Tuberculosis in children: contemporary methods of prevention and early detection. Doktor.Ru, 2017, no. 15 (144), pp. 9-15. (In Russ.)
3. Vasilieva E.B., Lozovskaya M.E., Klochkova L.V., Yarovaya Yu.А. Specific parameters of tuberculosis prevention in children with HIV infection. Pediatr, 2017, vol. 8, no. S1, pp. М78-М79. (In Russ.)
4. Kaminskiy G.D., Kudlay D.А., Panova А.E., Parolina L.E., Peregudova А.B., Pshenichnaya N.Yu., Samoylova А.G., Testov V.V., Tinkova V.V. Taktika vracha pri vyyavlenii, diagnostike i profilaktike sochetannoy infektsii VICH i tuberkulez: prakticheskoe rukovodstvo. [Tactics of the physician in the detection, diagnosis and prevention of TB/HIV coinfection. Practical guide]. I.A. Vasilyeva, eds., Moscow, 2020, 152 p.
5. Klevno N.I., Аksenova V.А. The anti-tuberculosis vaccine of BCG. Immunological and clinical efficacy in children born by HIV infected mothers. Biopreparaty. Profilaktika, Diagnostika, Lechenie, 2018, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 114-120. (In Russ.)
6. Kozlov V.А., Savchenko А.А., Kudryavtsev I.V., Kozlov I.G., Kudlay D.А., Prodeus А.P., Borisov А.G. Klinicheskaya immunologiya. [Clinical immunology]. Krasnoyarsk, Polikor Publ., 2020, 386 p. doi: 10.17513/np.438
7. Levi D.T., Аleksandrova N.V., Lebedinskaya E.V., Nakonechnaya А.V. Investigation of the protective effect of tuberculosis vaccines in the experiment. Biopreparaty. Profilaktika, Diagnostika, Lechenie, 2017, no. 4 (64), Epub., pp. 252-257. (In Russ.)
8. Lozovskaya M.E., Nikiforenko N.А., Klochkova L.V. et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in children of the tender age in St. Petersburg. Pediatr, 2018, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 5-12. (In Russ.)
9. Mamaev А.N., Kudlay D.А. Statisticheskiye metody v meditsine. [Statistical methods in medicine]. Moscow, Prakticheskaya Meditsina Publ., 2021, 136 p. ISBN 978-5-98811-635-6.
10. Nechaev V.V., Ivanov А.K., Yakovlev А.А., Musatov V.B., Fedunyak O.I., Vasilieva M.V., Belyakov V.S., Kravtsova А.I. Epidemiology of socially important concurrent infections. Risk factors of lethal outcomes. TMJ, 2018, no. 3 (73), pp. 68-71. (In Russ.)
11. Miller Aaron, Reandelar Mac Josh, Fasciglione Kimberly, Roumenova Violeta, Li Yan, Otazu Gonzalo H. Correlation between universal BCG vaccination policy and reduced morbidity and mortality for COVID-19: an epidemiological study. medRxiv 2020.03.24.20042937; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.20042937.
Review
For citations:
Kondаkovа M.N., Аgаfonovа A.N., Zаkhаrovа O.P., Kovаlevа R.G., Elkin A.V., Khаbirov V.V. Contemporary aspects of tuberculosis in children without BCG vaccination. Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases. 2021;99(3):53-57. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-3-53-57
Views:
1376
Email this article 