Tuberculous Peritonitis: Epidemiological, Gender- and Age-Based Characteristics in the City of Moscow

The objective: to assess the incidence of tuberculous peritonitis, to identify its gender and age characteristics, to describe typical comorbidities preceding the development of peritoneal tuberculosis.

Subjects and Methods. The following documents were statistically analyzed: Forms no. 003/u Medical Record of an In-patient Patient for new tuberculous peritonitis patients for 2013–2020, who were treated at Clinic 2 of Moscow Municipal Scientific Practical Center of Tuberculosis Control, Moscow Health Department, and Rosstat Forms No. 8 on Active Tuberculosis Cases for the same period, as well as information from registers of the city tuberculosis monitoring system that has been operating in Moscow since 1996.

Results. According to different definitions, the expected incidence of tuberculous peritonitis in the coming years will make from 0.03 to 0.1 per 100,000 population per year in Moscow and 0.1–0.2 per 100,000 in Russia. In Moscow, the main cohort of tuberculous peritonitis patients includes young women after pregnancy and childbirth, who came from other regions of the Russian Federation or neighboring countries. Men develop tuberculous peritonitis 1.6 times less frequently versus women. The most common factors influencing the development of peritoneal tuberculosis in men are drug-induced immunosuppression, dialysis, and diabetes mellitus. HIV infection, unlike other forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, is not a major risk factor faced by individuals with tuberculous peritonitis.

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