Risk factors for and incidence of tuberculosis among children and adolescents living in Baku

Abstract

The high-level risk factors influencing the development of tuberculosis were analyzed in children and adolescents. The results of the investigation suggest that the major specific risk factors of the disease are tuberculosis contact, residence in the foci unknown to tuberculosis facilities, none or ineffective vaccination. High conversion, hyperergy, and increasing tuberculin sensitivity suggest that there is a high probability of tuberculosis in this group of people. The nonspecific risk factors of the disease, first and foremost in tuberculosis contact, include early childhood and adolescence, social factors, concomitant diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, frequent acute respiratory viral diseases, hypotrophies, and diseases requiring long-term glucocorticosteroid therapy. Higher effective detection of bacillary patients, correct assessment of focal epidemic hazard, better quality of vaccination, and fitness training among children and adolescents at the stage of first medical aid assist in reducing the incidence of tuberculosis and improving the clinical structure of its morbidity, by preventing its generalized forms in children and adolescents.