TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL SITUATION IN TERRITORIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION SUPERVISED BY CENTRAL TUBERCULOSIS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 2014-2015

Abstract

The article presents the results oftuberculosis epidemic situation analysis in 15 Russian regions supervised by the Institute in 2014-2015. Tuberculosis incidence decreased in 11 regions out of 15 in 2014-2015. 4 regions demonstrated minor increase. Tuberculosis incidence among children in the age from 0-17 years old went down in 10 regions and increased in 5. Tuberculosis mortality decreased butin 3 regions itis higher than the average Russian rate (9.2 per 100,000 pop.). Treatment efficiency among new tuberculosis cases registered for treatment in 2014 with positive sputum microscopy varied from 69.8% in Orel Region down to 32.6% in Ulyanovsk Region, treatment efficiency as persputum conversion by culture – from 70.6% in Orel Region down to 34.2% in Ulyanovsk Region, treatment efficiency as per cavity healing – from 72.3% in Orel Region down to 40.2% in Ulyanovsk Region. The main reasons of low chemotherapy effectiveness are defaults from treatment, multiple drug resistance and insufficient surgical activities. In order to enhance the treatment efficiency, rapid drug susceptibility testing techniques are to be introduced everywhere with susceptibility testing to all anti-tuberculosis drugs and adequate chemotherapy regimens are to be applied consisting only of those drugs to which tuberculous mycobacteria are susceptible, surgical treatment is to be used more often.