Monitoring the Situation with Mono- and Poly-Resistant Tuberculosis among the Population of the Kyrgyz Republic

The objective: to study the rates of mono-resistance and poly-resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs among the population of the Kyrgyz Republic.

Subjects and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted, which included data of 3,678 tuberculosis patients with mono- or poly-resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs. 3,221 patients had pulmonary tuberculosis, while 457 had extrapulmonary tuberculosis, the observation period lasted from 2017 to 2022. The data from the National Tuberculosis Control Program in the Kyrgyz Republic (KR) were used.

Results. Among the patients with mono- or poly-resistant tuberculosis, new cases accounted for 80.8%, and 87.6% of them were patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The incidence of mono- and poly-resistant tuberculosis decreased (from 10.1 in 2017 to 6.5 in 2023 per 100,000 population) associated with decrease in the overall incidence of tuberculosis. The incidence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis demonstrated a downward trend, while the incidence of mono- and multidrug resistant tuberculosis fluctuated: it increased (in 2019 - by 16.7%, in 2022 - by 53.7%) and decreased (in 2020 - by 37.1%, in 2023 - by 0.22%). According to the drug resistance profile of MTB, the most prevalent (81.8%) was resistance to isoniazid with confirmed sensitivity to rifampicin, regardless of drug resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs.

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