The article analyzes 46 publications on the use of ICS for COVID-19. Both research results and their discussion by specialists are presented. The expediency of continuing basic therapy, including ICS, has been demonstrated in the event of COVID-19 in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The risk of local immunosuppressive action of ICS has been compared with the ability to suppress inflammation in the initial period of COVID-19. Analysis of the publications suggests that it is safe to prescribe ICS to patients with COVID-19 as well as it is advisable to use them in the initial stages of this disease.

The objective of the study: to evaluate functional and morphological parameters of cardiac function in patients with pulmonary hypertension and COVID-19.
Subjects: The study included 53 patients of both genders with community-acquired multisegmental viral-bacterial pneumonia and COVID-19 who were treated in intensive care units. Patients were divided into three groups according to mean pulmonary artery pressure (mean PAP): in Group 1, mean PAP was < 25 mm Hg, in Group 2, mean PAP was 25-40 mm Hg, and in Group 3, mean PAP was ≥ 40 mm Hg.
Results. Patients with COVID-19 and mean PAP > 40 mm Hg were found to have higher values of left and right atrial volume, myocardial thickness, heart rate, and mortality. However, they had lower values of arterial stroke pressure index, arterial compliance, specific peripheral resistance, and lower precapillary response.
Conclusion. The severe course of COVID-19 is associated with severe pulmonary hypertension developed during extensive pneumonia combined with concomitant pathology. At the same time, impaired hemodynamics and altered sizes of heart chambers are observed in such patients.

The objective: to evaluate the impact of active case finding in children 7-15 years old on the clinical structure of tuberculosis and epidemic risk of detected patients.
Subjects and Methods: 1,679 children aged 7-15 ill with tuberculosis.
Result. The following has been observed in active case finding of tuberculosis versus tuberculosis detection when the patient is seeking medical care: A 9-fold reduction in the risk of disseminated and generalized tuberculosis; a 4.5-fold reduction in the risk of epidemically dangerous cases of tuberculosis; a 6-fold reduction in the risk of destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis were more frequently detected when patients were seeking medical care.
Thus, the strategy adopted in Russia for active tuberculosis detection in children leads to significant results: preventing the spread of tuberculous infection in children's communities and reducing the proportion of severe forms of tuberculosis that create the risk of disability and death from tuberculosis.

The objective: to analyze and compare frequency and variety of adverse events (AEs) and their impact on outcomes of tuberculosis therapy when treating patients with multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) and different HIV statuses.
Subjects and Methods: retrospective observational case-control study of patients registered for treatment with the 4th regimen of chemotherapy for tuberculosis in the city of Vladimir and Vladimir Region in 2014-2016.
Results. The proportion of patients who reported any AE during the MDR TB treatment was similar among HIV positive and HIV negative patients and made 85.5%. In patients with concurrent HIV infection and MDR TB, hematopoietic AEs such as anemia, thrombocytopenia were more frequent, while neutropenia was significantly more frequent when comparing groups by the cumulative event probability method. Elevated eosinophil level during treatment was more typical of MDR TB patients. Treatment outcomes in the group of patients with HIV and MDR TB were statistically significantly worse due to the higher frequency of fatal outcomes. At the same time, there was no correlation of AE with unfavorable treatment outcomes. The early initiation of combination therapy with thorough monitoring of hematologic parameters in patients with HIV and MDR TB was safe and effective.

The objective: to compare results of drug susceptibility testing to rifampicin by molecular genetic methods and phenotypic tests of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from clinical specimens of tuberculosis patients.
Subjects and Methods. 915 samples of M. tuberculosis DNA and 426 cultures were used in this study. Genotypic tests (TB-TEST (BIOCIP-IMB, Russia), GenoType MTBDRplusV2) and phenotypic technologies (absolute concentration method, Bactec MGIT 960 system, Sensititre Myco TB kit) were used.
Results. A high percentage (98.7%; CI 97.7-99.7%) of confirmation of the results of the molecular genetic test (TB-TEST) by the phenotypic test (absolute concentration method) was demonstrated. In some cases, the Bactec MGIT 960 system as well as the absolute concentration method were shown to produce false negative results of rifampicin resistance in some cases.

The article describes a case of effective treatment of fibrous cavernous pulmonary mycobacteriosis with the implantation of the endobronchial valve (valve bronchial block).
Subjects and Methods. A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with fibrous cavernous pulmonary mycobacteriosis. M. chelonae was detected as a causative agent of the disease. At the time of diagnosis, the disease lasted for 12 months, the duration of treatment due to the erroneous diagnosis of tuberculosis made 6.5 months, the drug therapy of mycobacteriosis lasted for 11 months, and after development of the adverse event in the form of constant tinnitus, the patient interrupted the drug therapy. The patient received no drug therapy for 24 months before the implantation of the endobronchial valve.
Result. The cure of mycobacteriosis and cavity healing were achieved after the implantation of the endobronchial valve. The endobronchial valve remained in the bronchus for 22 months. During this period and after the removal of the endobronchial valve, the patient did not take any medications, lived an active life and was managed on an outpatient basis.

The article describes a clinical case of mesalazine-related lung disease in a patient treated for ulcerative colitis.

The article presents the analysis of 37 publications on the effect of various hormones on the pathogenesis and course of bronchial asthma (BA), in particular melatonin. Based on analyzed publications it has been concluded that melatonin in BA can level subclinical inflammation due to its multifunctional biological and pharmacological effects. Melatonin due to its chronotropic and immunomodulatory activity normalizes sleep in patients with BA. Melatonin can be considered a promising component of the pathogenetic treatment of BA.